Indemnification Agreement - Cheap Tickets Inc.
FORM OF
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT by and between Cheap Tickets, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), and ____________________ (the "Indemnitee") is entered into
effective as of January ___, 1999.
WHEREAS, it is essential to the Company to retain and attract as directors
and officers the most capable persons available;
WHEREAS, Indemnitee is a director/officer of the Company;
WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and the Bylaws, as
amended, of the Company require the Company to indemnify and advance expenses
to its directors to the fullest extent permitted by law and authorize the
Company to indemnify and advance expenses to its officers to the fullest extent
permitted by law;
WHEREAS, in recognition of Indemnitee's need for substantial protection
against personal liability in order to enhance Indemnitee's continued service to
the Company in an effective manner and Indemnitee's reliance on the aforesaid
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, and in part to provide Indemnitee with
specific contractual assurance that the protection promised by such Certificate
of Incorporation and Bylaws will be available to Indemnitee (regardless of,
among other things, any amendment to or revocation of such Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws or any change in the composition of the Company's Board
of Directors or acquisition transaction relating to the Company), and in order
to induce Indemnitee to continue to provide services to the Company as a
director or officer thereof, the Company wishes to provide in this Agreement for
the indemnification of and the advancing of expenses to Indemnitee to the
fullest extent (whether partial or complete) permitted by law and as set forth
in this Agreement, and, to the extent insurance is maintained, for the continued
coverage of Indemnitee under the Company's directors' and officers' liability
insurance policies.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of Indemnitee
continuing to serve the Company directly or, at its request, with another
enterprise, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree
as follows:
1. Certain Definitions:
(a) Change in Control: shall be deemed to have occurred if (i) any
"person" (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), other than a trustee or other fiduciary
holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or a
corporation owned directly or indirectly by the stockholders of the Company in
substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company,
is or becomes the "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under said Act),
directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 20% or more of
the total voting power represented by the Company's then outstanding Voting
Securities, or (ii) during any period of two consecutive
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years, individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board of
Directors of the Company and any new director whose election by the Board of
Directors or nomination for election by the Company's stockholders was approved
by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then still in office who
either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or
nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to
constitute a majority thereof, or (iii) the stockholders of the Company approve
a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other corporation, other than
a merger or consolidation which would result in the Voting Securities of the
Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by
remaining outstanding or by being converted into Voting Securities of the
surviving entity) at least 80% of the total voting power represented by the
Voting Securities of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding
immediately after such merger or consolidation, or the stockholders of the
Company approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement
for the sale or disposition by the Company (in one transaction or a series of
transactions) of all or substantially all of the Company's assets.
(b) Expense: include attorneys' fees and all other costs, expenses and
obligations paid or incurred in connection with investigating, defending, being
a witness in or participating in (including on appeal), or preparing to defend,
be a witness in or participate in any Proceeding relating to any Indemnifiable
Event.
(c) Indemnifiable Event: any event or occurrence that takes place either
prior to or after the execution of this Agreement, related to the fact that
Indemnitee is or was a director or an officer of the Company, or while a
director or officer is or was serving at the request of the Company as a
director, officer, employee, trustee, agent or fiduciary of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, employee benefit plan, trust or other enterprise, or
by reason of anything done or not done by Indemnitee in any such capacity.
(d) Potential Change in Control: shall be deemed to have occurred if (i)
the Company enters into an agreement or arrangement, the consummation of which
would result in the occurrence of Change in Control; (ii) any person (including
the Company) publicly announces an intention to take or to consider taking
actions which if consummated would constitute Change in Control; (iii) any
person, other than a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an
employee benefit plan of the company acting in such capacity or a corporation
owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in
substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company,
who is or becomes the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of
the Company representing 10% or more of the combined voting power of the
Company's then outstanding Voting Securities, increases his beneficial ownership
of such securities by 5% or more over the percentage so owned by such person on
the date hereof; or (iv) the Board adopts a resolution to the effect that, for
purposes of this Agreement, a Potential Change in Control has occurred.
(e) Proceeding: any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or
proceeding, or any inquiry, hearing or investigation, whether conducted by the
Company or any other party, that Indemnitee in good faith believes might lead to
the institution of any such action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal,
administrative, investigative or other.
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(f) Reviewing Party: any appropriate person or body consisting of a member
or members of the Company's Board of Directors or any other person or body
appointed by the Board (including the special, independent counsel referred to
in Section 3) who is not a party to the particular Proceeding with respect to
which Indemnitee is seeking Indemnification.
(g) Voting Securities: any securities of the Company which vote generally
in the election of directors.
2. Agreement to Indemnify. (a) In the event Indemnitee was, is or becomes a
party to or witness or other participant in, or is threatened to be made a party
to or witness or other participant in, a Proceeding by reason of (or arising in
part out of) an Indemnifiable Event, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to
the fullest extent permitted by law, as soon as practicable, but in any event no
later than thirty days after written demand is presented to the Company, against
any and all Expenses, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement
(including all interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in
connection with or in respect of such Expenses, judgments, fines, penalties or
amounts paid in settlement) of such Proceeding and any federal, state, local or
foreign taxes imposed on the Indemnitee as a result of the actual or deemed
receipt of any payments under this Agreement (including the creation of the
Trust). Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary and except
as provided in Section 5, prior to a Change in Control Indemnitee shall not be
entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Agreement in connection with any
Proceeding initiated by Indemnitee against the Company or any director or
officer of the Company unless the Company has joined in or consented to the
initiation of such Proceeding. If so requested by Indemnitee, the Company shall
advance (within ten business days of such request) any and all Expenses to
Indemnitee (an "Expense Advance"); provided, however, that such Expenses shall
be advanced only upon delivery to the Company of an undertaking by or on behalf
of the Indemnitee to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that
Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the obligations of the Company under
Section 2(a) shall be subject to the condition that the Reviewing Party shall
not have determined (in a written opinion, in any case in which the special,
independent counsel referred to in Section 3 hereof is involved) that Indemnitee
would not be permitted to be so indemnified under applicable law, and (ii) the
obligation of the Company to make an Expense Advance pursuant to Section 2(a)
shall be subject to the condition that, if, when and to the extent that the
Reviewing Party determines that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be so
indemnified under applicable law, the Company shall be entitled to be reimbursed
by Indemnitee (who hereby agrees to reimburse the Company) for all such amounts
theretofore paid; provided, however, that if Indemnitee has commenced legal
proceedings in a court of competent jurisdiction to secure a determination that
Indemnitee should be indemnified under applicable law, any determination made by
the Reviewing Party that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be indemnified
under applicable law shall not be binding and Indemnittee shall not be required
to reimburse the Company for any Expense Advance until a final judicial
determination is made with respect thereto (as to which all rights of appeal
therefrom have been exhausted or lapsed). Indemnitee's obligation to reimburse
the Company for Expense Advances shall be unsecured and no interest shall be
charged thereon.
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If there has not been a Change in Control, the Reviewing Party shall be selected
by the Board of Directors, and if there has been such a Change in Control (other
than a Change in Control which has been approved by a majority of the Company's
Board of Directors who were directors immediately prior to such Change in
Control), the Reviewing Party shall be the special, independent counsel referred
to in Section 3 hereof. If there has been no determination by the Reviewing
Party or if the Reviewing Party determines that Indemnitee substantively would
not be permitted to be indemnified in whole or in part under applicable law,
Indemnitee shall have the right to commence litigation in any court in the
States of California or Delaware having subject matter jurisdiction thereof and
in which venue is proper seeking an initial determination by the court or
challenging any such determination by the Reviewing Party or any aspect thereof,
and the Company hereby consents to service of process and to appear in any such
proceeding. Any determination by the Reviewing Party otherwise shall be
conclusive and binding on the Company and Indemnitee. Expenses shall be
advanced, however, only upon delivery to the Company of an undertaking by or on
behalf of the Indemnitee to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined
that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company.
3. Change in Control. The Company agrees that if there is a Change in Control
of the Company (other than a Change in Control which has been approved by a
majority of the Company's Board of Directors who were directors immediately
prior to such Change in Control), then with respect to all matters thereafter
arising concerning the rights of Indemnitee to indemnity payments and Expense
Advances under this Agreement or any other agreement or under applicable law or
the Company's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws now or hereafter in effect
relating to indemnification for Indemnifiable Events, the Company shall seek
legal advice only from special, independent counsel selected by Indemnitee and
approved by the Company (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld), and
who has not otherwise performed services for the Company or the Indemnitee
(other than in connection with such matters) within the last five years. Such
independent counsel shall not include any person who, under the applicable
standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of
interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to
determine Indemnitee's rights under this Agreement. Such counsel, among other
things, shall render its written opinion to the Company and Indemnitee as to
whether and to what extent the Indemnitee would be permitted to be indemnified
under applicable law. The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees of the
special, independent counsel referred to above and to indemnify fully such
counsel against any and all expenses (including attorneys' fees), claims,
liabilities and damages arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the
engagement of special, independent counsel pursuant hereto.
4. Establishment of Trust. In the event of a Potential Change in Control, the
Company shall, upon written request by Indemnitee, create a Trust for the
benefit of the Indemnitee and from time to time upon written request of
Indemnitee shall fund such Trust in an amount sufficient to satisfy any and all
Expenses reasonably anticipated at the time of each such request to be incurred
in connection with investigating, preparing for and defending any Proceeding
relating to an indemnifiable event and any and all judgments, fines, penalties
and settlement amounts of any and all Proceedings relating to an Indemnifiable
Event from time to time actually paid or claimed, reasonably anticipated or
proposed to be paid. The amount or amounts to be deposited in the Trust
pursuant to the foregoing funding obligation shall be determined by the
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Reviewing Party, in any case in which this special, independent counsel referred
to above is involved. The terms of the Trust shall provide that upon a Change
in Control (i) the Trust shall not be revoked or the principal thereof invaded,
without the written consent of the Indemnitee, (ii) the Trustee shall advance,
within ten business days of a request by the Indemnitee, any and all Expenses to
the Indemnitee (and the Indemnitee hereby agrees to reimburse the Trust under
the circumstances under which the Indemnitee would be required to reimburse the
Company under Section 2(b) of this agreement), (iii) the Trust shall continue to
be funded by the Company in accordance with the funding obligation set forth
above, (iv) the Trustee shall promptly pay to the Indemnitee all amounts for
which the Indemnitee shall be entitled to indemnification pursuant to this
Agreement or otherwise, and (v) all unexpended funds in such Trust shall revert
to the Company upon a final determination by the Reviewing Party or a court of
competent jurisdiction, as the case may be, that the Indemnitee has been fully
indemnified under the terms of this Agreement. The Trustee shall be chosen by
the Indemnitee. Nothing in this Section 4 shall relieve the Company of any of
its obligations under this Agreement. All income earned on the assets held in
the Trust shall be reported as income by the Company for federal, state, local
and foreign tax purposes.
5. Indemnification for Expenses Incurred In Enforcing this Agreement. The
Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against any and all-expenses (including
attorneys' fees), and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall (within ten business
days of such request) advance such expenses to Indemnitee, which are incurred by
Indemnitee in connection with any claim asserted against or action brought by
Indemnitee for (i) indemnification or advance payment of Expenses by the Company
under this Agreement or any other agreement or under applicable law or the
Company's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws now or hereafter in effect
relating to indemnification for Indemnifiable Events and/or (ii) recovery under
any directors' and officers' liability insurance policies maintained by the
Company, regardless of whether Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be
entitled to such indemnification, advance expense payment or insurance recovery,
as the case may be.
6. Partial Indemnity. If Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this
Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of the
Expenses, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement of a
Proceeding but not, however, for all of the total amount thereof, the Company
shall nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for the portion thereof to which
Indemnitee is entitled. Moreover, notwithstanding any other provision of this
Agreement to the extent that Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or
otherwise in defense of any or all Proceedings relating in whole or in part to
an Indemnifiable Event or in defense of any issue or matter therein, including
dismissal without prejudice, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all
Expenses incurred in connection therewith.
7. Defense to Indemnification, Burden of Proof and Presumptions. It shall be a
defense to any action brought by the Indemnitee against the Company to enforce
this Agreement (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses
incurred in defending a Proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the
required undertaking has been tendered to the Company) that the Indemnitee has
not met the standards of conduct that make it permissible under the Delaware
General Corporation Law for the Company to indemnify the Indemnitee for the
amount claimed.
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In connection with any determination by the Reviewing Party or otherwise as to
whether the Indemnitee is entitled to be indemnified hereunder, the burden of
proving such a defense shall be on the Company. Neither the failure of the
Company (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its
stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such
action by the Indemnitee that indemnification of the claimant is proper under
the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct
set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination
by the Company (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or
its stockholders) that the Indemnitee had not met such applicable standard of
conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that the
Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct. For purposes of this
Agreement, the termination of any claim, action, suit or proceeding, by
judgment, order, settlement (whether with or without court approval) or
conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere, or its equivalent, shall not
create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet any particular standard of
conduct or have any particular belief or that a court has determined that
indemnification is not permitted by applicable law.
8. Non-exclusivity. The rights of the Indemnitee hereunder shall be in
addition to any other rights Indemnitee may have under the Company's Certificate
of Incorporation or Bylaws or the Delaware General Corporation Law or otherwise.
To the extent that a change in the Delaware General Corporation Law (whether by
statute or judicial decision) permits greater indemnification by agreement than
would be afforded currently under the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws and this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that
Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits so afforded by
such change.
9. Liability Insurance. To the extent the Company maintains an insurance
policy or policies providing directors' and officers' liability insurance,
Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies, in accordance with its
or their terms, to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any Company
director or officer.
10. Period of Limitations. No legal action shall be brought and no cause of
action shall be asserted by or on behalf of the Company or any affiliate of the
Company against Indemnitee, Indemnitee's spouse, heirs, executors or personal or
legal representatives after the expiration of two years from the date of accrual
of such cause of action, or such longer period as may be required by state law
under the circumstances, and any claim or cause of action of the Company or its
affiliate shall be extinguished and deemed released unless asserted by the
timely filing of a legal action within such period; provided, however, that if
any shorter period of limitations is otherwise applicable to any such cause of
action, such shorter period shall govern.
11. Amendment of this Agreement. No supplement modification or amendment of
this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both of the
parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be
deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or
not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
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12. Subrogation. In the event of payment under this Agreement, the Company
shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of
recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all papers required and shall do
everything that may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution
of such documents necessary to enable the Company effectively to bring suit to
enforce such rights.
13. No Duplication of Payment. The Company shall not be liable under this
Agreement to make any payment in connection with any claim made against
Indemnitee to the extent Indemnitee has otherwise actually received payment
(under any insurance policy, Bylaw or otherwise) of the amounts otherwise
indemnifiable hereunder.
14. Settlement of Claims. The Company shall not be liable to indemnify
Indemnitee under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of any action
or claim effected without the Company's written consent. The Company shall not
settle any action or claim in any manner which would impose any penalty or
limitation on Indemnitee without Indemnitee's written consent. Neither the
Company nor the Indemnitee will unreasonably withhold their consent to any
proposed settlement. The Company shall not be liable to indemnify the
Indemnitee under this Agreement with regard to any judicial award if the Company
was not given a reasonable and timely opportunity, at its expense, to
participate in the defense of such action.
15. Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the
benefit of and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective
successors, assigns, including any direct or indirect successor by purchase,
merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business
and/or assets of the Company, spouses, heirs, and personal and legal
representatives. The Company shall require and cause any successor (whether
direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all,
substantially all, or a substantial part, of the business and/or assets of the
Company, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to the
Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same
manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if
no such succession had taken place. This Agreement shall continue in effect
regardless of whether Indemnitee continues to serve as a director or officer of
the Company or of any other enterprise at the Company's request.
16. Severability. The provisions of this Agreement shall be severable in the
event that any of the provisions hereof (including any provision within a single
section, paragraph or sentence) is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to
be invalid, void or otherwise unenforceable, and the remaining provisions shall
remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. Furthermore, to the
fullest extent possible, the provisions of this agreement (including, without
limitation, each portion of this Agreement containing any provision held to be
invalid, void or otherwise unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, void or
unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested
by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
17. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and
enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware applicable to
contracts made and to be performed in such State without giving effect to the
principles of conflicts of laws.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed and delivered
this Agreement as of the _____ day of January, 1999.
COMPANY:
By: ___________________________________________
Name:__________________________________________
Title:_________________________________________
INDEMNITEE:
_______________________________________________
[NAME OF INDEMNITEE]