Articles of Incorporation - RealNetworks Inc.
RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
REALNETWORKS, INC.
Pursuant to RCW 23B.10.070, the following constitutes Restated Articles
of Incorporation of RealNetworks, Inc., a Washington corporation.
ARTICLE I
NAME
The name of this Corporation is RealNetworks, Inc.
ARTICLE II
DURATION
This Corporation is organized under the Washington Business Corporation
Act (the "Act") and shall have perpetual existence.
ARTICLE III
PURPOSE AND POWERS
The purpose and powers of this Corporation are as follows: (a) to engage
in any lawful business; (b) to engage in any and all activities that, in the
judgment of the Board of Directors, may at any time be incidental or conducive
to the attainment of the foregoing purpose; and (c) to exercise any and all
powers that a corporation formed under the Act, or any amendment thereto or
substitute therefor, is entitled at the time to exercise.
ARTICLE IV
CAPITAL STOCK
4.1 AUTHORIZED CAPITAL. The aggregate number of shares of capital stock
which this Corporation shall be authorized to issue shall be Three Hundred Sixty
Million (360,000,000), divided into two classes as follows: Three Hundred
Million (300,000,000) shares of common stock, $.001 par value per share (the
"Common Stock"), and Sixty Million (60,000,000) shares of preferred stock, $.001
par value per share (the "Preferred Stock").
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4.2 SPECIAL COMMON STOCK.
4.2.1 DESIGNATION. Seven Million Forty-Seven Thousand Six Hundred
Seventy-Nine (7,047,679) shares of Common Stock shall be designated and known as
"Special Common Stock."
4.2.2 RECLASSIFICATION OF SPECIAL COMMON STOCK.
(a) If any shares of Special Common Stock are sold in
a Qualified Sale (as defined in Section 4.2.2(b)), then, effective immediately
upon such sale (A) the number of authorized but undesignated shares of Common
Stock of the Corporation shall be increased by the number of shares of Special
Common Stock so sold; (B) each share of Special Common Stock so sold shall
thereafter constitute one (1) share of Common Stock, the holder of which shall
be entitled to one (1) vote upon all matters submitted to a vote of
shareholders; (C) the certificate or certificates representing the shares of
Special Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such sale shall,
by virtue of the sale and without any action on the part of the holder,
thereafter represent (I) to the extent of the number of shares of Special Common
Stock so sold, the corresponding number of shares of Common Stock, and (II) the
shares of Special Common Stock represented by such certificate or certificates
immediately prior to such sale, if any, that have not been so sold; and (D) if
no shares of Special Common Stock remain outstanding following the Qualified
Sale, the designation of the Special Common Stock as a separate series of Common
Stock having the respective rights, preferences and limitations set forth in
this Section 4.2 shall automatically terminate. Upon surrender of any such
certificate to the Corporation, the Corporation shall issue and deliver to the
person entitled thereto a new certificate or certificates to represent the
shares of Common Stock and Special Common Stock, if any, represented by the
surrendered certificate.
(b) For purposes of this Section 4.2.2, a "Qualified
Sale" of shares of Special Common Stock shall mean a bona fide sale of the
shares by the holder thereof to a purchaser who is not directly, or acting on
behalf of, an affiliate (as that term is defined in Rule 405 promulgated under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act")) of the holder.
4.2.3 VOTING RIGHTS. Each share of Common Stock shall be
entitled to one (1) vote on all matters submitted to the shareholders of the
Corporation and each share of Special Common Stock shall not be entitled to
vote, except as required by law, in which case each share of Special Common
Stock shall be entitled to one (1) vote.
4.2.4 RANKING. The rights and preferences of the Common Stock
and the Special Common Stock shall be in all respects identical, except as
otherwise required by law or expressly provided in these Articles of
Incorporation.
4.3 ISSUANCE OF PREFERRED STOCK IN SERIES.
4.3.1 AUTHORITY VESTED IN BOARD OF DIRECTORS. The Preferred
Stock may be divided into and issued in series from time to time. Authority is
vested in the Board of Directors, subject to the limitations and procedures set
forth in these Articles of Incorporation or prescribed by law, to divide any
part or all of such Preferred Stock into any number of series, to fix and
determine the relative rights and preferences of the shares of any series to be
established, and to
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amend the rights and preferences of the shares of any series that has been
established but is wholly unissued.
4.3.2 AMENDMENT TO SERIES DECREASING SHARES. Within any limits
stated in these Articles of Incorporation or in the resolution of the Board of
Directors establishing a series, the Board of Directors, after the issuance of
shares of a series, may amend the resolution establishing the series to decrease
(but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding or reserved
for issuance pursuant to the exercise of any outstanding warrants) the number of
shares of that series, and the number of shares constituting the decrease shall
thereafter constitute authorized but undesignated shares.
4.3.3 AUTHORITY LIMITED TO UNISSUED SHARES. The authority herein
granted to the Board of Directors to determine the relative rights and
preferences of the Preferred Stock shall be limited to unissued shares, and no
power shall exist to alter or change the rights and preferences of any shares
that have been issued.
4.4 ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATES. The Board of Directors shall have the
authority to issue shares of the capital stock of this Corporation and the
certificates therefor subject to such transfer restrictions and other
limitations as it may deem necessary to promote compliance with applicable
federal and state securities laws, and to regulate the transfer thereof in such
manner as may be calculated to promote such compliance or to further any other
reasonable purpose.
4.5 NO CUMULATIVE RIGHTS. Shareholders of this Corporation shall not
have the right to cumulate votes for the election of directors.
4.6 NO PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS. No shareholder of this Corporation shall
have, solely by reason of being a shareholder, any preemptive or preferential
right or subscription right to any stock of this Corporation or to any
obligations convertible into stock of this Corporation, or to any warrant or
option for the purchase thereof, except to the extent provided by written
agreement with this Corporation.
4.7 QUORUM FOR MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS. A quorum shall exist at any
meeting of shareholders if a majority of the votes entitled to be cast is
represented in person or by proxy. In the case of any meeting of shareholders
that is adjourned more than once because of the failure of a quorum to attend,
those who attend the third convening of such meeting, although less than a
quorum, shall nevertheless constitute a quorum for the purpose of electing
directors, provided that the percentage of shares represented at the third
convening of such meeting shall not be less than one-third of the shares
entitled to vote.
4.8 CONTRACTS WITH INTERESTED SHAREHOLDERS. Subject to the
limitations set forth in RCW 23B.19.040, to the extent applicable:
4.8.1 The Corporation may enter into contracts and otherwise
transact business as vendor, purchaser, lender, borrower, or otherwise with its
shareholders and with corporations, associations, firms, and entities in which
they are or may be or become interested as directors, officers, shareholders,
members, or otherwise.
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4.8.2 Any such contract or transaction shall not be affected or
invalidated or give rise to liability by reason of the shareholder's having an
interest in the contract or transaction.
4.9 SHAREHOLDER VOTING REQUIREMENTS. Subject to the requirements of
RCW 23B.08.730, and 23B.19.040, any contract, transaction, or act of the
Corporation or of any director or officer of the Corporation that shall be
authorized, approved, or ratified by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast
at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall, insofar as permitted by law, be
as valid and as binding as though ratified by every shareholder of the
Corporation.
4.10 EXECUTION OF CONSENT OF SHAREHOLDERS BY LESS THAN UNANIMOUS
CONSENT. To the extent permitted by the Act, the taking of action by
shareholders without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent of all
shareholders entitled to vote on the action shall be permitted. Before the date
on which the action becomes effective, notice of the taking of such action shall
be given to those shareholders entitled to vote on the action who have not
consented in writing (and, if the Act would otherwise require that notice of a
meeting of shareholders to consider the action be given to nonvoting
shareholders, to all nonvoting shareholders), in writing, describing with
reasonable clarity and specifying the general nature of the action, and
accompanied by the same material that, under the Act, would have been required
to be sent to nonconsenting (or nonvoting) shareholders in a notice of meeting
at which the action would have been submitted for shareholder action. Such
notice shall be given as follows: (i) if mailed, by deposit in the U.S. mail at
least seventy-two (72) hours prior to the specified effective time of such
action, with first-class postage thereon prepaid, correctly addressed to each
shareholder entitled thereto at the shareholder's address as it appears on the
current record of shareholders of the Corporation; or (ii) if delivered by
personal delivery, by courier service, by wire or wireless equipment, by
telegraphic or other facsimile transmission, or by any other electronic means
which transmits a facsimile of such communication correctly addressed to each
shareholder entitled thereto at the shareholder's physical address, electronic
mail address, or facsimile number, as it appears on the current record of
shareholders of the Corporation, at least twenty-four (24) hours prior to the
specified effective time of such action.
4.11 SPECIAL MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS. Subsequent to the date of
closing of a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to an
effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the offer and
sale of Common Stock for the account of the Corporation to the public, special
meetings of the shareholders for any purpose or purposes may be called at any
time only by a majority of the Board of Directors or the Chairman of the Board
of Directors (if one be appointed) or the President or one or more shareholders
holding not less than twenty-five percent (25%) of all the shares entitled to be
cast on any issue proposed to be considered at that meeting.
4.12 MAJORITY VOTE REQUIRED. Unless otherwise provided in these
Articles of Incorporation, subsequent to the date of closing of a firm
commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to an effective registration
statement under the Securities Act covering the offer and sale of Common Stock
for the account of the Corporation to the public, pursuant to authority granted
under Sections 23B.10.030, 23B.11.030, 23B.12.020, and 23B.14.020 of the Act,
the vote of shareholders of the Corporation required in order to approve
amendments to the Articles of Incorporation, a plan of merger or share exchange,
the sale, lease, exchange, or other disposition of all or substantially all of
the property of the Corporation not in the usual and
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regular course of business, or dissolution of the Corporation shall be a
majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast by each voting group entitled
to vote thereon, regardless of whether or not the Corporation is a "public
company," as that term is defined in Section 23B.01.400 of the Act.
ARTICLE V
DIRECTORS
5.1 NUMBER OF DIRECTORS.
5.1.1 The number of directors of the Corporation shall be fixed
as provided in the Bylaws and may be changed from time to time by amending the
Bylaws.
5.1.2 When the Board of Directors shall consist of four or more
members, the directors shall be divided into three classes: Class 1, Class 2 and
Class 3. Such classes shall be as nearly equal in number of directors as
possible. Except as provided in Section 5.1.4, each director shall serve for a
term ending at the third annual meeting of shareholders following the director's
election; provided, that the director or directors first elected to Class 1
shall serve for a term ending at the first annual meeting of shareholders
following such election, the director or directors first elected to Class 2
shall serve for a term ending at the second annual meeting of shareholders
following such election, and the director or directors first elected to Class 3
shall serve for a term ending at the third annual meeting of shareholders
following such election.
5.1.3 At each annual meeting of shareholders, the directors
nominated to succeed those whose terms then expire shall be identified as being
of the same class as the directors they succeed unless, by reason of any
intervening changes in the authorized number of directors, the Board of
Directors shall designate one or more directorships whose terms then expire as
directorships of another class in order more nearly to achieve equality in the
number of directors in the respective classes. When the Board of Directors fills
a vacancy resulting from the death, resignation or removal of a director, the
director chosen to fill that vacancy shall be of the same class as the director
he succeeds.
5.1.4 Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section
5.1, in all cases, including upon any change in the authorized number of
directors, each director then continuing to serve as such will nevertheless
continue as a director of the class of which he is a member until the expiration
of his or her term or his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Any
vacancy in any class resulting from the death, resignation or removal of a
director or an increase in the number of authorized directors may be filled by
the directors in any manner permitted by the Act; provided, if the term of the
director or directors in that class is not scheduled to expire at the next
annual meeting of shareholders, the term of the director chosen to fill such
vacancy shall continue only until the next annual meeting of shareholders at
which a successor shall be chosen for a term to expire at the scheduled date for
expiration of the term of the director or directors in that class.
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5.2 REMOVAL.
5.2.1 Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be
removed with cause by the holders of not less than a majority of the shares then
entitled to vote at an election of directors. No director may be removed without
"cause," as defined below. Action to remove a director may be taken at any
annual or special meeting of the shareholders of this Corporation, provided that
notice of the proposed removal, which shall include a statement of the charges
alleged against the director, shall have been duly given to the shareholders
together with or as a part of the notice of the meeting.
5.2.2 Where a proposal to remove a director for cause is to be
presented for shareholder consideration, an opportunity shall be provided the
director to present the director's defense to the shareholders in a statement to
accompany or precede the notice of the meeting at which such proposal is to be
presented. The director shall also be served with notice of the meeting at which
such proposal is to be presented, together with a statement of the specific
charges alleged against the director, and shall be given an opportunity to be
present and to be heard at the meeting.
5.2.3 For purposes of this Section 5.2, "cause" for removal
shall be limited to (a) action by a director involving willful malfeasance
having a material adverse effect on the Corporation and (b) conviction of a
director of a felony; provided, that action by a director shall not constitute
"cause" if, in good faith, the director believed such action to be in or not
opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or if the director is
entitled, under applicable law or the Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of
this Corporation, to be indemnified with respect to such action.
5.3 AUTHORITY OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO AMEND BYLAWS. Subject to the
limitation(s) of RCW 23B.10.210, and subject to the power of the shareholders of
the Corporation to change or repeal the Bylaws, the Board of Directors is
expressly authorized to make, amend, or repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation
unless the shareholders in amending or repealing a particular bylaw provide
expressly that the Board of Directors may not amend or repeal that bylaw.
5.4 CONTRACTS WITH INTERESTED DIRECTORS. Subject to the
limitations set forth in RCW 23B.08.700 through 23B.08.730:
5.4.1 The Corporation may enter into contracts and otherwise
transact business as vendor, purchaser, lender, borrower, or otherwise with its
directors and with corporations, associations, firms, and entities in which they
are or may be or become interested as directors, officers, shareholders,
members, or otherwise.
5.4.2 Any such contract or transaction shall not be affected or
invalidated or give rise to liability by reason of the director's having an
interest in the contract or transaction.
5.5 INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS.
5.5.1 The capitalized terms in this Section 5.5 shall have the
meanings set forth in RCW 23B.08.500.
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5.5.2 The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless each
individual who is or was serving as a Director or officer of the Corporation or
who, while serving as a Director or officer of the Corporation, is or was
serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner,
trustee, employee, or agent of another foreign or domestic corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, or other enterprise,
against any and all Liability incurred with respect to any Proceeding to which
the individual is or is threatened to be made a Party because of such service,
and shall make advances of reasonable Expenses with respect to such Proceeding,
to the fullest extent permitted by law, without regard to the limitations in RCW
23B.08.510 through 23B.08.550; provided that no such indemnity shall indemnify
any Director or officer from or on account of (1) acts or omissions of the
Director or officer finally adjudged to be intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law; (2) conduct of the Director or officer finally adjudged to be
in violation of RCW 23B.08.310; or (3) any transaction with respect to which it
was finally adjudged that such Director or officer personally received a benefit
in money, property, or services to which the Director or officer was not legally
entitled.
5.5.3 The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on
behalf of an individual who is or was a Director, officer, employee, or agent of
the Corporation or, who, while a Director, officer, employee, or agent of the
Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director,
officer, partner, trustee, employee, or agent of another foreign or domestic
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, or other
enterprise against Liability asserted against or incurred by the individual in
that capacity or arising from the individual's status as a Director, officer,
employee, or agent, whether or not the Corporation would have power to indemnify
the individual against such Liability under RCW 23B.08.510 or 23B.08.520.
5.5.4 If, after the effective date of this Section 5.5, the Act
is amended to authorize further indemnification of Directors or officers, then
Directors and officers of the Corporation shall be indemnified to the fullest
extent permitted by the Act as so amended.
5.5.5 To the extent permitted by law, the rights to
indemnification and advance of reasonable Expenses conferred in this Section 5.5
shall not be exclusive of any other right which any individual may have or
hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Bylaws, agreement, vote of
shareholders or disinterested Directors, or otherwise. The right to
indemnification conferred in this Section 5.5 shall be a contract right upon
which each Director or officer shall be presumed to have relied in determining
to serve or to continue to serve as such. Any amendment to or repeal of this
Section 5.5 shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a Director or
officer of the Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such
Director or officer occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.
5.5.6 If any provision of this Section 5.5 or any application
thereof shall be invalid, unenforceable, or contrary to applicable law, the
remainder of this Section 5.5, and the application of such provisions to
individuals or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid,
unenforceable, or contrary to applicable law, shall not be affected thereby.
5.6 LIMITATION OF DIRECTORS' LIABILITY. To the fullest extent
permitted by the Act, as it exists on the date hereof or may hereafter be
amended, a director of this Corporation shall not be personally liable to the
Corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for conduct as a director.
Any amendment to or repeal of this Section 5.6 shall not adversely affect a
director of
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this Corporation with respect to any conduct of such director occurring prior to
such amendment or repeal.
ARTICLE VI
OTHER MATTERS
6.1 CERTAIN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MATTERS.
6.1.1 STRATEGIC TRANSACTIONS COMMITTEE.
(a) MEMBERS. There shall be a Strategic Transactions
Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors which shall consist of
three (3) directors. The members of the initial Committee shall be Robert
Glaser, the Corporation's Founder, James Breyer and Mitchell Kapor. A member of
the Committee shall automatically cease to be a member of the Committee upon the
earlier of: (i) his or her death, resignation or removal as a director, or (ii)
at the option of the Chairman of the Committee, his or her ceasing to hold or
control, directly or indirectly, at least five percent (5%) of the outstanding
shares of capital stock of the Corporation. Neither the Board of Directors nor
the shareholders shall have any authority to remove any member of the Committee
or to otherwise reconstitute the Committee or its membership.
(b) CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEE. Mr. Glaser shall serve as
Chairman of the Committee as long as he is a member of the Committee. At such
time as Mr. Glaser is no longer a member of the Committee, the Committee shall
select one of its members as Chairman.
(c) POWER OF COMMITTEE. Without the prior approval of the
Committee, the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall not have the power
and authority to: (i) adopt a plan of merger, (ii) authorize the sale, lease,
exchange or mortgage of (A) assets representing more than fifty percent (50%) of
the book value of the Corporation's assets prior to the transaction, or (B) any
other asset or assets on which the long-term business strategy of the
Corporation is substantially dependent, (iii) authorize the voluntary
dissolution of the Corporation, or (iv) take any action that has the effect of
clauses (i) through (iii) of this Section 6.1.1(c).
(d) MEETINGS AND NOTICE. The Committee shall meet from
time to time on the call of its Chairman or of the other two members. Each
meeting of the Committee shall be held at the date, time and place as may be
designated in the notice of the meeting given by the person or persons
authorized to call the meeting. Notice of the date, time and place of each
meeting of the Committee shall be given to each member of the Committee in any
manner permitted by the Act not less than one (1) day prior to the meeting; such
notice need not state the purpose or purposes of the meeting. The Committee
shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and proceedings.
(e) QUORUM. At any meeting of the Committee, presence of
the Chairman and at least one other member thereof shall constitute a quorum.
The act of at least two (2) members of the Committee at a meeting at which a
quorum is present shall be the act of the Committee. All action of the Committee
shall be taken at a meeting of the Committee or as otherwise provided or allowed
by law.
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(f) VACANCIES. Any vacancy on the Committee shall be
filled by the remaining member or members of the Committee, regardless of
whether or not a quorum. If two members of the Committee remain and they are
unable to agree on an individual to fill the vacancy, the vacancy may be filled
by the member who holds or controls, directly or indirectly, the larger
percentage of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation.
(g) TERMINATION OF COMMITTEE. The Committee, by vote of
the Chairman of the Committee and one additional member, may limit the powers of
the Committee or may terminate the Committee. The existence and powers of the
Committee shall terminate when the members in the aggregate cease to hold or
control, directly or indirectly, at least ten percent (10%) of the outstanding
shares of capital stock of the Corporation. The Board of Directors shall have
and succeed to any and all power and authority of the Committee that have been
limited or eliminated as a result of actions taken pursuant to this Section
6.1.1(g).
6.1.2 POLICY OMBUDSMAN. Mr. Glaser shall serve, or shall appoint
another officer of the Corporation who shall serve, as the Corporation's Policy
Ombudsman. The Policy Ombudsman shall have exclusive responsibility for adopting
or changing the editorial policies of the Corporation as reflected on the
Corporation's Web sites or in other communications or media where the
Corporation has a significant editorial or media voice. The Policy Ombudsman may
be removed only by the unanimous approval of all members of the Board of
Directors. Upon the death, resignation or removal of Mr. Glaser as the Policy
Ombudsman, the Chief Executive Officer or another officer of the Corporation
appointed by the Chief Executive Officer, shall serve as his or her successor.
6.1.3 AUTHORITY FOR SECTION 6.1. The provisions of this Section
6.1 are intended to modify the authority of the Board of Directors in a manner
permitted by RCW 23B.08.010(3) and shall be construed consistent with that
provision of the Act. Except as otherwise provided in these Articles of
Incorporation, as amended from time to time, the Committee shall have all of the
powers and authority of a committee of the Board of Directors created pursuant
to RCW 23B.08.250.
6.1.4 AMENDMENT OF SECTION 6.1. Notwithstanding any provision of
these Articles of Incorporation or the Corporation's Bylaws, as either may be
amended from time to time by the Board of Directors or the shareholders of the
Corporation, this Section 6.1 cannot be amended without the approval of the
holders of ninety percent (90%) of the shares entitled to be voted on such
proposed amendment(s).
6.2 AMENDMENTS TO ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION. Except as otherwise
provided in these Articles of Incorporation, as amended from time to time, the
Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change, or repeal any provisions
contained in these Articles of Incorporation in any manner now or hereafter
prescribed or permitted by statute. All rights of shareholders of the
Corporation are subject to this reservation. A shareholder of the Corporation
does not have a vested property right resulting from any provision of these
Articles of Incorporation.
6.3 CORRECTION OF CLERICAL ERRORS. The Corporation shall have
authority to correct clerical errors in any documents filed with the Secretary
of State of Washington, including these
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Articles of Incorporation or any amendments hereto, without the
necessity of special shareholder approval of such corrections.
Executed this 18th day of August, 1998.
By: /s/ Robert Glaser, Chief Executive Officer
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Robert Glaser, Chief Executive Officer
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