Agreement and Plan Of Merger - Yahoo! Inc. and Online Anywhere
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
DATED AS OF MAY 25, 1999
AMONG
YAHOO! INC.,
AIRBORNE ACQUISITION CORPORATION
AND
ONLINE ANYWHERE
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EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT A - VOTING AGREEMENT
EXHIBIT B - NONCOMPETITION AGREEMENT
EXHIBIT C - SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENT
EXHIBIT D - INVESTMENT AGREEMENT
EXHIBIT E - ESCROW AGREEMENT
EXHIBIT F - SUBJECT MATTER OF OPINION OF COUNSEL TO TARGET
EXHIBIT G - SUBJECT MATTER OF OPINION OF COUNSEL TO ACQUIROR
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER dated as of May 25, 1999 (this
"AGREEMENT"), is entered into by and among Yahoo! Inc., a Delaware corporation
("ACQUIROR"), Airborne Acquisition Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Acquiror ("SUB"), and Online Anywhere, a California
corporation ("TARGET").
RECITALS
A. The Boards of Directors of Acquiror, Sub and Target deem it advisable
and in the best interests of each corporation and their respective shareholders
that Acquiror and Target combine in order to advance the long-term business
interests of Acquiror and Target;
B. The combination of Acquiror and Target shall be effected by the terms
of this Agreement through a transaction in which Sub will merge with and into
Target, Target will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Acquiror and the
shareholders of Target will become shareholders of Acquiror (the "MERGER");
C. For Federal income tax purposes, it is intended that the Merger shall
qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "CODE");
D. For accounting purposes, it is intended that the Merger shall be
accounted for as a pooling of interests transaction;
E. As a condition and inducement to Acquiror's willingness to enter into
this Agreement, certain Target shareholders holding no less than 90% of the
issued and outstanding Preferred Stock and no less than 90% of the issued and
outstanding Common Stock of Target, have, concurrently with the execution of
this Agreement, executed and delivered Voting Agreements in the form attached
hereto as EXHIBIT A (the "VOTING AGREEMENTS"), pursuant to which such
shareholders have, among other things, agreed to vote their shares of Target
capital stock in favor of the Merger and to grant Acquiror irrevocable proxies
to vote such shares;
F. As a further condition and inducement to Acquiror's willingness to
enter into this Agreement, certain employees of Target who are also shareholders
of Target have, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement executed and
delivered Noncompetition Agreements in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT B
(the "NONCOMPETITION AGREEMENTS"), which agreements shall only become effective
at the Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.1 below).
G. As a further condition and inducement to Acquiror's willingness to
enter into this Agreement, certain shareholders of Target have executed and
delivered to Acquiror Shareholders Agreements in the form attached hereto as
EXHIBIT C (the "SHAREHOLDERS AGREEMENTS").
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NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth below, the
parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
Section 1.1 EFFECTIVE TIME OF THE MERGER.
(a) Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, an agreement of
merger (the "AGREEMENT OF MERGER") in such mutually acceptable form as is
required by the relevant provisions of the California General Corporation Law
("CALIFORNIA LAW") shall be duly executed and delivered by the parties hereto
and thereafter delivered to the Secretary of State of the State of California
for filing on the Closing Date (as defined in Section 1.2).
(b) Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, a certificate
of merger (the "CERTIFICATE OF MERGER") in such mutually acceptable form as is
required by the relevant provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law
("DELAWARE LAW") shall be duly executed and delivered by the parties hereto and
thereafter delivered to the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware for
filing on the Closing Date (as defined in Section 1.2).
(c) The Merger shall become effective upon the later of the due
and valid filing of the Agreement of Merger with the Secretary of State of the
State of California and the due and valid filing of the Certificate of Merger
with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or at such time thereafter
as is provided in the Agreement or Certificate of Merger (the "EFFECTIVE TIME").
Section 1.2 CLOSING. The closing of the Merger (the "CLOSING") will
take place at 10:00 a.m., California time, on a date to be specified by Acquiror
and Target, which shall be no later than the second business day after
satisfaction or waiver of the latest to occur of the conditions set forth in
Article VIII (other than the delivery of the officers' certificates referred to
therein) (the "CLOSING DATE"), at the offices of Venture Law Group, A
Professional Corporation, 2775 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California unless
another date, time or place is agreed to in writing by Acquiror and Target.
Section 1.3 EFFECTS OF THE MERGER.
(a) At the Effective Time (i) the separate existence of
Sub shall cease and Sub shall be merged with and into Target (Sub and Target are
sometimes referred to herein as the "CONSTITUENT CORPORATIONS" and Target
following consummation of the Merger is sometimes referred to herein as the
"SURVIVING CORPORATION"), (ii) the Certificate of Incorporation of Sub shall be
the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation and (iii) the
Bylaws of Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the
Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
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(b) At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall
be as provided in the applicable provisions of California and Delaware Law.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, at and after the Effective
Time, the Surviving Corporation shall possess all the rights, privileges, powers
and franchises, and be subject to all the restrictions, disabilities and duties
of each of the Constituent Corporations.
Section 1.4 DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. The directors of Sub immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial directors of the Surviving
Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, and the officers of Sub
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial officers of the
Surviving Corporation, in each case until their respective successors are duly
elected or appointed and qualified.
ARTICLE II
CONVERSION OF SECURITIES
Section 2.1 CONVERSION OF CAPITAL STOCK. At the Effective Time, by
virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder of any
shares of Series A Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value and Series B Preferred
Stock, $0.001 par value, of Target (the "TARGET PREFERRED STOCK"), or shares of
Common Stock, $0.001 par value, of Target ("TARGET COMMON STOCK"), or capital
stock of Sub:
(a) CAPITAL STOCK OF SUB. Each issued and outstanding share of
the capital stock of Sub shall be converted into and become one fully paid and
nonassessable share of Common Stock, $0.001 par value, of the Surviving
Corporation.
(b) EXCHANGE RATIO.
(i) Subject to Sections 2.2 and 2.4, each issued and
outstanding share of Target Common Stock and Target Preferred Stock (other than
any Dissenting Shares as defined in and to the extent provided in Section 2.3)
shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder
thereof, be converted into the right to receive a fraction of a fully paid and
nonassessable share of Acquiror Common Stock (as defined in Section 4.2) equal
to the "COMMON EXCHANGE RATIO" or the "PREFERRED EXCHANGE RATIO", as the case
may be, as defined in and determined in accordance with the provisions of this
Section 2.1(b). All such shares of Target Common Stock and Target Preferred
Stock, when so converted, shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically
be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a
certificate representing any such shares shall cease to have any rights with
respect thereto, except the right to receive the shares of Acquiror Common Stock
and any cash in lieu of fractional shares of Acquiror Common Stock to be issued
or paid in consideration therefor upon the surrender of such certificate in
accordance with Section 2.4, without interest.
(ii) The "TOTAL CONSIDERATION SHARES" shall be equal to
540,168 shares of Acquiror Common Stock. The "PREFERRED EXCHANGE RATIO" shall
be equal to (i) the number of the Total Consideration Shares required to be
distributed to the holders of Target
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Preferred Stock, pursuant to Target's Articles of Incorporation, divided by
(ii) the number of shares of Target Preferred Stock outstanding as of the
Effective Time. The "COMMON EXCHANGE RATIO" shall be equal to (i) the number of
the Total Consideration Shares required to be distributed to the holders of
Target Common Stock (assuming prior exercise for cash of all Target Options (as
defined in Section 2.1(c)), pursuant to Target's Articles of Incorporation,
divided by (ii) the number of shares of Target Common Stock outstanding or
subject to issuance upon exercise of Target Options as of the Effective Time
less any unvested options held by deceased optionees as indicated on Schedule
2.1(b)(ii). The Preferred Exchange Ratio and the Common Exchange Ratio are
referred to collectively as the "EXCHANGE RATIOS." In no event will the total
number of shares of Acquiror Common Stock issuable by Acquiror pursuant to the
Merger (including shares of Acquiror Common Stock issuable upon exercise of
Target Options assumed by Acquiror in the Merger) exceed the Total Consideration
Shares. The allocation of the Total Consideration Shares among each holder of
Target capital stock and options is set forth in Schedule 2.1(b)(ii) hereto,
which assumes conversion of all Target Preferred Stock into Target Common Stock.
(iii) If, on or after the date of this Agreement and prior
to the Effective Time, the outstanding shares of Acquiror Common Stock, Target
Common Stock or Target Preferred Stock shall have been changed into a different
number of shares or a different class by reason of any reclassification,
split-up, stock dividend or stock combination, then the Exchange Ratios shall be
correspondingly adjusted. The Exchange Ratios shall not change as a result of
fluctuations in the market price of Acquiror Common Stock between the date of
this Agreement and the Effective Time.
(c) TARGET STOCK OPTIONS. At the Effective Time, all then
outstanding options, whether vested or unvested ("TARGET OPTIONS") to purchase
Target Common Stock issued under Target's 1997 Stock Plan (the "TARGET OPTION
PLAN") that by their terms survive the Closing will be assumed by Acquiror in
accordance with Section 6.5.
(d) RESTRICTED SHARES. Any shares of Target Common Stock which
are subject to repurchase by Target in the event the holder thereof ceases to be
employed by Target ("TARGET RESTRICTED SHARES") shall be converted into Acquiror
Common Stock on the same basis as provided in subsection (b) above and shall be
registered in such holder's name, but shall be held subject to the rights of the
Surviving Corporation under the existing agreements in effect on the Closing
Date. Holders of the Target Restricted Shares are identified in Section 2.1(d)
of the Target Disclosure Schedule (as defined in Article III below) together
with the vesting schedules associated with such shares.
Section 2.2 ESCROW AGREEMENT. At the Effective Time or such later time
as determined in accordance with Section 2.3(b), Acquiror will, on behalf of the
holders of Target Common Stock and Target Preferred Stock, deposit in escrow
certificates representing 10% of the shares issued to the Former Target
Shareholders (as defined below). Such shares shall be held in escrow on behalf
of the persons who are the holders of Target Common Stock or Target Preferred
Stock in the Merger immediately prior to the Effective Time (the "FORMER TARGET
SHAREHOLDERS"), in accordance with the portion of Total Consideration Shares
allocable to each
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such Former Target Shareholder based upon the Exchange Ratios ("PRO RATA
PORTION"). Such shares (collectively, the "ESCROW SHARES") shall be held and
applied pursuant to the provisions of an escrow agreement (the "ESCROW
AGREEMENT") to be executed pursuant to Section 7.6.
Section 2.3 DISSENTING SHARES.
(a) Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the
contrary, any shares of Target Common Stock or Target Preferred Stock held by a
holder who has exercised such holder's dissenters' rights in accordance with
Chapter 13 of California Law, and who, as of the Effective Time, has not
effectively withdrawn or lost such dissenters' rights ("DISSENTING SHARES"),
shall not be converted into or represent a right to receive Acquiror Common
Stock, if applicable, pursuant to Section 2.1, but the holder of the Dissenting
Shares shall only be entitled to such rights as are granted by Chapter 13 of
California Law.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 2.3(a), if any
holder of shares of Target Common Stock or Target Preferred Stock who demands
his dissenters' rights with respect to such shares shall effectively withdraw or
lose (through failure to perfect or otherwise) his rights to receive payment for
the fair market value of such shares under California Law, then, as of the later
of the Effective Time or the occurrence of such event, such holder's shares
shall automatically be converted into and represent, as applicable, only the
right to receive Acquiror Common Stock and payment for fractional shares as
provided in Section 2.1(b), without interest, upon surrender of the certificate
or certificates representing such shares; PROVIDED that if such holder
effectively withdraws or loses his right to receive payment for the fair market
value of such shares after the Effective Time, then, at such time Acquiror will
deposit in escrow certificates representing such holder's Pro Rata Portion of
the Escrow Shares.
(c) Target shall give Acquiror (i) prompt notice of any written
demands for payment with respect to any shares of capital stock of Target
pursuant to Chapter 13 of California Law, withdrawals of such demands, and any
other instruments served pursuant to California Law and received by the Target,
and (ii) the opportunity to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with
respect to demands for dissenters' rights under California Law. Target shall
not, except with the prior written consent of Acquiror, voluntarily make any
payment with respect to any demands for dissenters' rights with respect to
Target Common Stock or Target Preferred Stock or offer to settle or settle any
such demands.
Section 2.4 EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES.
(a) From and after the Effective Time, each holder of an
outstanding certificate or certificates ("CERTIFICATES") which represented
shares of Target Common Stock or Target Preferred Stock immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall have the right to surrender each Certificate to Acquiror
(or at Acquiror's option, an exchange agent to be appointed by Acquiror), and
receive promptly in exchange for all Certificates held by such holder a
certificate representing the number of whole shares of Acquiror Common Stock
(other than the Escrow Shares) into which the Target Common Stock or Target
Preferred Stock evidenced by the Certificates so surrendered shall have been
converted pursuant to the provisions of Article II of this Agreement. The
surrender of Certificates shall be accompanied by duly completed and
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executed Letters of Transmittal in such form as may be reasonably specified by
Acquiror. Until surrendered, each outstanding Certificate which prior to the
Effective Time represented shares of Target Common Stock or Target Preferred
Stock shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to evidence ownership of the
number of whole shares of Acquiror Common Stock into which the shares of Target
Common Stock or Target Preferred Stock have been converted but shall, subject to
applicable appraisal rights under California Law and Section 2.3, have no other
rights. From and after the Effective Time, there shall be no further
registration of transfers on the records of Target of shares of Target Common
Stock and Target Preferred Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time.
(b) If any shares of Acquiror Common Stock are to be issued in
the name of a person other than the person in whose name the Certificate(s)
surrendered in exchange therefor is registered, it shall be a condition to the
issuance of such shares that (i) the Certificate(s) so surrendered shall be
transferable, and shall be properly assigned, endorsed or accompanied by
appropriate stock powers, (ii) such transfer shall otherwise be proper and
(iii) the person requesting such transfer shall pay Acquiror, or its exchange
agent, any transfer or other taxes payable by reason of the foregoing or
establish to the satisfaction of Acquiror that such taxes have been paid or are
not required to be paid. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither Acquiror nor
Target shall be liable to a holder of shares of Target Common Stock or Target
Preferred Stock for shares of Acquiror Common Stock issuable to such holder
pursuant to the provisions of Article II of this Agreement that are delivered to
a public official pursuant to applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar
laws.
(c) In the event any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or
destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming
such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed, Acquiror shall issue in
exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate the shares of Acquiror
Common Stock issuable in exchange therefor pursuant to the provisions of
Article II of the Agreement. The Board of Directors of Acquiror may, in its
discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the
owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate to provide to Acquiror an
indemnity agreement against any claim that may be made against Acquiror with
respect to the Certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
Section 2.5 DISTRIBUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO UNEXCHANGED SHARES. No
dividends or other distributions declared or made after the Effective Time with
respect to Acquiror Common Stock with a record date after the Effective Time
shall be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered Certificate with respect to the
shares of Acquiror Common Stock represented thereby and no cash payment in lieu
of fractional shares shall be paid to any such holder pursuant to Section 2.6
below until the holder of record of such Certificate shall surrender such
Certificate. Subject to the effect of applicable laws, following surrender of
any such Certificate, there shall be paid to the record holder of the
certificates representing whole shares of Acquiror Common Stock issued in
exchange therefor, without interest, (i) at the time of such surrender, the
amount of any cash payable in lieu of a fractional share of Acquiror Common
Stock to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.6 below and the
amount of any dividends or other distributions with a record date after the
Effective Time previously paid with respect to such whole shares of Acquiror
Common Stock, and (ii) at the appropriate payment date, the amount of dividends
or
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other distributions with a record date after the Effective Time but prior to
surrender and a payment date subsequent to surrender payable with respect to
such whole shares of Acquiror Common Stock.
Section 2.6 NO FRACTIONAL SHARES. No certificate or scrip representing
fractional shares of Acquiror Common Stock shall be issued upon the surrender
for exchange of Certificates, and such fractional share interests will not
entitle the owner thereof to vote or to any rights of a shareholder of Acquiror.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, each holder of shares of
Target Common Stock or Target Preferred Stock exchanged pursuant to the Merger
who would otherwise have been entitled to receive a fraction of a share of
Acquiror Common Stock (after taking into account all Certificates delivered by
such holder) shall receive, in lieu thereof, cash (without interest) in an
amount equal to such fractional part of a share of Acquiror Common Stock
multiplied by $148.10.
Section 2.7 TAX AND ACCOUNTING CONSEQUENCES.
(a) It is intended by the parties hereto that the Merger shall
constitute a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368 of the Code.
The parties hereto adopt this Agreement as a "plan of reorganization" within the
meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the United States Income Tax
Regulations.
(b) It is intended by the parties hereto that the Merger shall
qualify for accounting treatment as a pooling of interests.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF TARGET
Target represents and warrants to Acquiror and Sub that the statements
contained in this Article III are true and correct as of the date hereof, except
as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered by Target to Acquiror on or
before the date of this Agreement (the "TARGET DISCLOSURE SCHEDULE"). The
Target Disclosure Schedule shall be arranged in paragraphs corresponding to the
numbered and lettered paragraphs contained in this Article III and shall deem to
cross-reference to the other numbered or lettered paragraphs to which the
representation and warranty with respect to which disclosure is made is
reasonably related on the face of such disclosure without reference to extrinsic
documentation to an objective third party reviewing such disclosure. Moreover,
the disclosures made on the Target Disclosure Schedule shall not, by the fact of
their disclosure, be deemed to acknowledge that disclosure of such information
is required to be disclosed under this Article III.
Section 3.1 ORGANIZATION OF TARGET. Target is a corporation duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of
California, has all requisite corporate power to own, lease and operate its
property and to carry on its business as now being conducted, and is duly
qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing as a foreign
corporation in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or
ownership or leasing of properties makes such qualification or licensing
necessary and where the failure to be so qualified or
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licensed could reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect on
the business, assets (including intangible assets), liabilities, condition
(financial or otherwise), property or results of operations (a "MATERIAL ADVERSE
EFFECT") of Target. The Target Disclosure Schedule contains a true and complete
listing of the locations of all sales offices, manufacturing facilities, and any
other offices or facilities of Target and a true and complete list of all states
in which Target maintains any employees. The Target Disclosure Schedule
contains a true and complete list of all states in which Target is duly
qualified or licensed to transact business as a foreign corporation.
Section 3.2 TARGET CAPITAL STRUCTURE.
(a) The authorized capital stock of Target consists of
15,000,000 shares of Target Common Stock and 5,006,393 shares of Target
Preferred Stock, of which 2,000,000 shares are designated as Series A Preferred
Stock and 3,006,393 shares are designated as Series B Preferred Stock. As of
the date of this Agreement, there are (i) 3,862,500 shares of Target Common
Stock issued and outstanding, all of which are validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable, (ii) 2,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and
outstanding, all of which are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and
each share of which is convertible into 1.5 shares of Target Common Stock,
(iii) 2,321,461 shares of Series B Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, all
of which are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and each share of
which is convertible into 1.5 shares of Target Common Stock, (iv) 6,482,191
shares of Target Common Stock reserved for future issuance upon conversion of
the Target Preferred Stock; (v) 1,997,875 shares of Target Common Stock reserved
for future issuance pursuant to Target Options granted and outstanding under the
Target Option Plan; and (vi) 391,625 shares of Target Common Stock reserved for
issuance upon exercise of options available to be granted in the future under
the Target Option Plan. The issued and outstanding shares of Target Common
Stock and of Target Preferred Stock are held of record by the shareholders of
Target as set forth and identified on Schedule 3.2(a) of the Target Disclosure
Schedule. The issued and outstanding Target Options are held of record by the
option holders identified on, in the amounts and subject to the vesting
schedules set forth on, Schedule 3.2(a) of the Target Disclosure Schedule. All
shares of Target Common Stock and Target Preferred Stock subject to issuance as
specified above, upon issuance on the terms and conditions (including payment)
specified in the instruments pursuant to which they are issuable, shall be duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. All shares of Target
Common Stock subject to issuance upon the exercise of Target Options, upon
issuance on the terms and conditions (including payment) specified in the
instrument pursuant to which they are issuable, will be duly authorized, validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable. All outstanding shares of Target Common
Stock, Target Preferred Stock and outstanding Target Options (collectively
"TARGET SECURITIES") were issued in compliance with applicable federal and state
securities laws. Except as set forth in the Target Disclosure Schedule, there
are no obligations, contingent or otherwise, of Target to repurchase, redeem or
otherwise acquire any shares of Target Common Stock or Target Preferred Stock or
make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise)
in any other entity. An updated Schedule 3.2(a) reflecting changes permitted by
this Agreement in the capitalization of Target between the date hereof and the
Effective Time shall be delivered by Target to Acquiror on the Closing Date.
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(b) Except as set forth in this Section 3.2 or the Target
Disclosure Schedule, there are no equity securities of any class or series of
Target, or any security exchangeable into or exercisable for such equity
securities, issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding. Except as set forth
in this Section 3.2 or the Target Disclosure Schedule, there are no options,
warrants, equity securities, calls, rights, commitments or agreements of any
character to which Target is a party or by which it is bound obligating Target
to issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, additional
shares of capital stock of Target or obligating Target to grant, extend,
accelerate the vesting of or enter into any such option, warrant, equity
security, call, right, commitment or agreement. Except as set forth in the
Target Disclosure Schedule, Target is not in active discussion, formal or
informal, with any person or entity regarding the issuance of any form of
additional Target equity that has not been issued or committed to prior to the
date of this Agreement. Except as provided in this Agreement, the other
Transaction Documents (as defined in Section 3.3(a)), the Target Disclosure
Schedule or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, there are no voting
trusts, proxies or other agreements or understandings with respect to the voting
of the shares of capital stock of Target.
(c) All Target Options have been issued in accordance with the
terms of the Target Option Plan and pursuant to the standard forms of option
agreement previously provided to Acquiror or its representatives. No option
will by its terms require an adjustment in connection with the Merger, other
than adjustments necessary to preserve the economic value of such option
following its assumption by Acquiror hereunder. Except as set forth in the
Target Disclosure Schedule, provided that Acquiror assumes all Target Options as
provided herein, neither the consummation of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, nor any action taken or to be
taken by Target in connection with such transactions will result in (i) any
acceleration of vesting in favor of any optionee under any Target Option; (ii)
any additional benefits for any optionee under any Target Option; or (iii) the
inability of Acquiror after the Effective Time to exercise any right or benefit
held by Target prior to the Effective Time with respect to any Target Option
assumed by Acquiror, including, without limitation, the right to repurchase an
optionee's unvested shares on termination of such optionee's employment. The
assumption by Acquiror of Target Options in accordance with Section 6.5
hereunder will not (i) give the optionees additional benefits which they did not
have under their options prior to such assumption (after taking into account the
existing provisions of the options, such as their respective exercise prices and
vesting schedules) and (ii) constitute a violation of the Target Option Plan or
a breach of any agreement entered into pursuant to such plan.
Section 3.3 AUTHORITY; NO CONFLICT; REQUIRED FILINGS AND CONSENTS.
(a) Target has all requisite corporate power and authority to
enter into this Agreement and all Transaction Documents to which it is or will
become a party, and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement and such Transaction Documents. The execution and delivery of this
Agreement and such Transaction Documents and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement and such Transaction Documents have
been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Target,
subject only to the approval of the Merger by Target's shareholders under the
provisions of
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California Law and Target's Articles of Incorporation, or any Certificate of
Designation thereunder. This Agreement has been and such Transaction Documents
have been or, to the extent not executed by Target as of the date hereof, will
be, duly executed and delivered by Target. This Agreement and each of the
Transaction Documents to which Target is a party constitutes, and each of the
Transaction Documents to which Target will become a party, when executed and
delivered by Target, will constitute, assuming the due authorization, execution
and delivery by the other parties hereto and thereto, the valid and binding
obligation of Target, enforceable against Target in accordance with their
respective terms, except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by
applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium or other laws
affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and by general
principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in
a proceeding at law or in equity. For purposes of this Agreement, "TRANSACTION
DOCUMENTS" means all documents or agreements required to be delivered by any
party under this Agreement including the Agreement of Merger, the Certificate of
Merger, the Escrow Agreement, the Voting Agreements, the Shareholders Agreements
and the Noncompetition Agreements.
(b) Except as set forth in the Target Disclosure Schedule, the
execution and delivery by Target of this Agreement and the Transaction Documents
to which it is or will become a party does not, and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Transaction Documents to
which it is or will become a party will not, (i) conflict with, or result in any
violation or breach of, any provision of the Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws
of Target, (ii) result in any violation or breach of, or constitute (with or
without notice or lapse of time, or both) a default (or give rise to a right of
termination, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation or loss of any
material benefit) under any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any note,
bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, contract or other agreement, instrument or
obligation to which Target is a party or by which it or any of its properties or
assets may be bound, or (iii) conflict or violate any permit, concession,
franchise, license, judgment, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or
regulation applicable to Target or any of its properties or assets, except in
the case of (ii) and (iii) for any such conflicts, violations, defaults,
terminations, cancellations or accelerations which would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Target.
(c) None of the execution and delivery by Target of this
Agreement or of any other Transaction Document to which Target is or will become
a party or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
or such Transaction Document or the continuation of the business activities of
Target following consummation of the Merger will require any consent, approval,
order or authorization of, or registration, declaration or filing with, any
court, administrative agency or commission or other governmental authority or
instrumentality ("GOVERNMENTAL ENTITY"), except for (i) the filing of the
Certificate of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State, the filing of the
Agreement of Merger with the California Secretary of State, (ii) such consents,
approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as
may be required under applicable federal and state securities laws and (iii)
such other consents, authorizations, filings, approvals and registrations which,
if not obtained or made, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect on Target.
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Section 3.4 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS; ABSENCE OF UNDISCLOSED LIABILITIES.
(a) Target has delivered to Acquiror copies of Target's (i)
unaudited balance sheet as of April 30, 1999 (the "MOST RECENT BALANCE SHEET"),
and statement of income for the one-month period then-ended; (ii) the unaudited
balance sheets and unaudited statement of income as of and for the three month
period ended March 31, 1999; and (iii) the unaudited balance sheet and statement
of income as of and for the year ended December 31, 1998 (collectively, the
"TARGET FINANCIAL STATEMENTS").
(b) The Target Financial Statements are in accordance with the
books and records of Target and present fairly in all material respects the
financial position, results of operations of Target as of their historical dates
and for the periods indicated.
(c) Except as set forth on the Target Disclosure Schedule,
Target has no debt, liability, or obligation of any nature, whether accrued,
absolute, contingent, or otherwise, and whether due or to become due, that is
not reflected or reserved against in the Most Recent Balance Sheet, except for
those that may have been incurred after the date of the Most Recent Balance
Sheet or that would not reasonably be required, in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles applied on a basis consistent with prior periods,
to be included in a balance sheet or the notes thereto. Except as set forth on
the Target Disclosure Schedule, all debts, liabilities, and obligations incurred
after the date of the Most Recent Balance Sheet were incurred in the ordinary
course of business and are not material both individually and in the aggregate
to Target or its business.
Section 3.5 TAX MATTERS.
(a) For purposes of this Section 3.5 and other provisions of
this Agreement relating to Taxes, the following definitions shall apply:
(i) The term "TAXES" shall mean all taxes, however
denominated, including any interest, penalties or other additions to tax that
may become payable in respect thereof, (A) imposed by any federal, territorial,
state, local or foreign government or any agency or political subdivision of any
such government, which taxes shall include, without limiting the generality of
the foregoing, all income or profits taxes (including but not limited to,
federal income taxes and state income taxes), payroll and employee withholding
taxes, unemployment insurance, social security taxes, sales and use taxes, ad
valorem taxes, excise taxes, franchise taxes, gross receipts taxes, business
license taxes, occupation taxes, real and personal property taxes, stamp taxes,
environmental taxes, ozone depleting chemicals taxes, transfer taxes, workers'
compensation, Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation premiums and other
governmental charges, and other obligations of the same or of a similar nature
to any of the foregoing, which are required to be paid, withheld or collected,
(B) any liability for the payment of amounts referred to in (A) as a result of
being a member of any affiliated, consolidated, combined or unitary group, or
(C) any liability for amounts referred to in (A) or (B) as a result of any
obligations to indemnify another person.
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(ii) The term "RETURNS" shall mean all reports, estimates,
declarations of estimated tax, information statements and returns relating to,
or required to be filed in connection with, any Taxes, including information
returns or reports with respect to backup withholding and other payments to
third parties.
(b) All Returns required to be filed by or on behalf of Target
have been duly filed on a timely basis (taking into account extensions) and such
Returns are true, complete and correct. All Taxes shown to be payable on such
Returns or on subsequent assessments with respect thereto, and all payments of
estimated Taxes required to be made by or on behalf of Target under Section 6655
of the Code or comparable provisions of state, local or foreign law, have been
paid in full on a timely basis or have been accrued on the Most Recent Balance
Sheet, and no other Taxes are payable by Target with respect to items or periods
covered by such Returns (whether or not shown on or reportable on such Returns).
Target has withheld and paid over all Taxes required to have been withheld and
paid over, and complied with all information reporting and backup withholding
requirements, including maintenance of required records with respect thereto, in
connection with amounts paid or owing to any employee, creditor, independent
contractor, or other third party. There are no liens on any of the assets of
Target with respect to Taxes, other than liens for Taxes not yet due and payable
or for Taxes that Target is contesting in good faith through appropriate
proceedings and for which appropriate reserves have been established on the Most
Recent Balance Sheet. Target has not at any time been (i) a member of an
affiliated group of corporations filing consolidated, combined or unitary income
or franchise tax returns, or (ii) a member of any partnership or joint venture
for a period for which the statue of limitations for any Tax potentially
applicable as a result of such membership has not expired. Target is not, nor
has it ever been, a party to any tax sharing agreement.
(c) The amount of Target's liability for unpaid Taxes (whether
actual or contingent) for all periods through the date of the Most Recent
Balance Sheet does not, in the aggregate, exceed the amount of the current
liability accruals for Taxes reflected on the Most Recent Balance Sheet, and the
Most Recent Balance Sheet reflects proper accrual in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles applied on a basis consistent with prior periods
of all liabilities for Taxes payable after the date of the Most Recent Balance
Sheet attributable to transactions and events occurring prior to such date. No
liability for Taxes has been incurred (or prior to Closing will be incurred)
since such date other than in the ordinary course of business.
(d) Acquiror has been furnished by Target with true and complete
copies of (i) relevant portions of income tax audit reports, statements of
deficiencies, closing or other agreements, if any, received by or on behalf of
Target relating to Taxes, and (ii) all federal and state income or franchise tax
Returns and state sales and use tax Returns for or including Target for all
periods since the inception of Target. Target does not do business in or derive
income from any state other than states for which Returns have been duly filed
and furnished to Acquiror.
(e) The Returns of or including Target have never been audited
by a government or taxing authority, nor is any such audit in process, pending
or, to Target's knowledge, threatened. No deficiencies exist or have been
asserted, and Target has not received
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notice that it has not filed a Return or paid Taxes required to be filed or
paid. Target is neither a party to any action or proceeding for assessment or
collection of Taxes, nor has such event been asserted or threatened against
Target or any of its assets. No waiver or extension of any statute of
limitations is in effect with respect to Taxes or Returns of Target.
(f) Except as may be required as a result of the Merger, Target
and its subsidiaries have not been and will not be required to include any
material adjustment in Taxable income for any Tax period (or portion thereof)
pursuant to Section 481 or Section 263A of the Code or any comparable provision
under state or foreign Tax laws as a result of transactions, events or
accounting methods employed prior to the Closing.
(g) Target is not, nor has it been, a United States real
property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code
during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code,
and Acquiror is not required to withhold tax by reason of Section 1445 of the
Code. Target is not a "consenting corporation" under Section 341(f) of the
Code. Except as set forth in the Target Disclosure Schedule, Target has not
entered into any compensatory agreements with respect to the performance of
services which payment thereunder would result in a nondeductible expense to
Target pursuant to Section 280G of the Code or an excise tax to the recipient of
such payment pursuant to Section 4999 of the Code. Target has not agreed to,
nor is it required to make any adjustment under Code Section 481(a) by reason
of, a change in accounting method.
Section 3.6 ABSENCE OF CERTAIN CHANGES OR EVENTS. Since April 30, 1999,
Target has not:
(a) suffered any material adverse change in its business, assets
(including intangible assets), liabilities, condition (financial or otherwise)
or results of operations ("MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE").
(b) suffered any damage, destruction or loss, whether covered by
insurance or not, that has resulted, or could be reasonably expected to result,
in a Material Adverse Effect on Target;
(c) granted or agreed to make any increase in the compensation
payable or to become payable by Target to its officers or employees;
(d) declared, set aside or paid any dividend or made any other
distribution on or in respect of the shares of the capital stock of Target or
declared any direct or indirect redemption, retirement, purchase or other
acquisition by Target of such shares;
(e) issued any shares of capital stock of Target or any
warrants, rights, options or entered into any commitment relating to the shares
of Target, except for the Target Options and the issuance of shares of Target
capital stock pursuant to the exercise of Target Options listed in the Target
Disclosure Schedule and the conversion of outstanding Target Preferred Stock;
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(f) made any change in the accounting methods or practices it
follows, whether for general financial or tax purposes, or any change in
depreciation or amortization policies or rates adopted therein;
(g) sold, leased, abandoned or otherwise disposed of any real
property or any machinery, equipment or other operating property with an
individual net book value in excess of $25,000;
(h) sold, assigned, transferred, licensed (other than in the
ordinary course of business) or otherwise disposed of any patent, trademark,
trade name, brand name, copyright (or pending application for any patent,
trademark or copyright) invention, work of authorship, process, know-how,
formula or trade secret or interest thereunder or other intangible asset;
(i) permitted or allowed any of its property or assets to be
subjected to any mortgage, deed of trust, pledge, lien, security interest or
other encumbrance of any kind (except those permitted under Section 3.7);
(j) made any capital expenditure or commitment individually in
excess of $25,000 or in the aggregate in excess of $100,000;
(k) paid, loaned or advanced any amount to, or sold, transferred
or leased any properties or assets to, or entered into any agreement or
arrangement with, any of its Affiliates (as defined in Section 3.16), officers
(other than normal salary), directors or shareholders or any affiliate or
associate of any of the foregoing;
(l) made any amendment to or terminated any agreement which, if
not so amended or terminated, would be required to be disclosed on the Target
Disclosure Schedule; or
(m) agreed to take any action described in this Section 3.6 or
outside of its ordinary course of business or which would constitute a breach of
any of the representations contained in this Agreement.
Section 3.7 TITLE AND RELATED MATTERS. Target has good and valid title
to all its properties, interests in properties and assets, real and personal,
free and clear of all mortgages, liens, pledges, charges or encumbrances of any
kind or character, except the lien of current taxes not yet due and payable and
minor imperfections of and encumbrances on title, if any, as do not materially
detract from the value of or interfere with the present use of the property
affected thereby. The equipment of Target used in the operation of its business
is, taken as a whole, in good operating condition and repair, ordinary wear and
tear excepted. All personal property leases to which Target is a party are
valid, binding, enforceable against the parties thereto and in effect in
accordance with their respective terms. To the knowledge of Target, there is
not under any of such leases any existing default or event of default or event
which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default. The
Target Disclosure Schedule contains a description of all items of personal
property with an individual net book value in excess of $25,000 and real
property leased or owned by Target, describing its interest in said property.
True and correct
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copies of Target's real property and personal property leases have been provided
to Acquiror or its representatives.
Section 3.8 PROPRIETARY RIGHTS.
(a) Target owns all right, title and interest in and to, or
otherwise possesses legally enforceable rights, or is licensed to use, all
patents, copyrights, technology, software, software tools, know-how, processes,
trade secrets, trademarks, service marks, trade names, Internet domain names and
other proprietary rights used in the conduct of Target's business as conducted
to the date of this Agreement, including, without limitation, the technology,
information, databases, data lists, data compilations, and all proprietary
rights developed or discovered or used in connection with or contained in all
versions and implementations of Target's World Wide Web sites (including
www.onlineanywhere.com and the other domain names listed in the Target
Disclosure Schedule) or any product which has been or is being distributed or
sold by Target or currently is under development by Target or has previously
been under development by Target (collectively, including such Web sites, the
"TARGET PRODUCTS"), free and clear of all liens, claims and encumbrances
(including without limitation licensing and distribution rights) (all of which
are referred to as "TARGET PROPRIETARY RIGHTS"). The Target Disclosure Schedule
contains an accurate and complete (i) description of all patents, trademarks
(with separate listings of registered and unregistered trademarks), trade names,
Internet domain names and registered copyrights in or related to the Target
Products or otherwise included in the Target Proprietary Rights and all
applications and registration statements therefor, including the jurisdictions
in which each such Target Proprietary Right has been issued or registered or in
which any such application of such issuance and registration has been filed,
(ii) list of all licenses and other agreements with third parties other than
shrinkwrap and similar end-user licenses (the "THIRD PARTY LICENSES") relating
to any material patents, copyrights, trade secrets, software, inventions,
technology, know-how, processes or other proprietary rights that Target is
licensed or otherwise authorized by such third parties to use, market,
distribute or incorporate in Target Products (such patents, copyrights, trade
secrets, software, inventions, technology, know-how, processes or other
proprietary rights are collectively referred to as the "THIRD PARTY TECHNOLOGY")
and (iii) list of all licenses and other agreements with third parties other
than shrinkwrap and similar end-user licenses relating to any material
information, compilations, data lists or databases that Target is licensed or
otherwise authorized by such third parties to use, market, disseminate,
distribute or incorporate in Target Products. All of Target's patents,
copyrights, trademarks, trade names or Internet domain name registrations
related to or in the Target Products are validly issued and in full force and
effect; and consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will
not alter or impair any such rights. No claims have been asserted or threatened
against Target (and Target is not aware of any claims which are likely to be
asserted or threatened against Target or which have been asserted or threatened
against others relating to Target Proprietary Rights or Target Products) by any
person challenging Target's use, possession, manufacture, sale or distribution
of Target Products under any Target Proprietary Rights (including, without
limitation, the Third Party Technology) or challenging or questioning the
validity or effectiveness of any material license or agreement relating thereto
(including, without limitation, the Third Party Licenses) or alleging a
violation of any person's or entity's privacy, personal or confidentiality
rights. Target knows of no valid
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basis for any claim of the type specified in the immediately preceding sentence
which could in any material way relate to or interfere with the continued
enhancement and exploitation by Target of any of the Target Products. None of
the Target Products nor the use or exploitation of any Target Proprietary Rights
in Target's current business infringes on the rights of or constitutes
misappropriation of any proprietary information or intangible property right of
any third person or entity, including without limitation any patent, trade
secret, copyright, trademark or trade name, and Target has not been sued or
named in any suit, action or proceeding which involves a claim of such
infringement, misappropriation or unfair competition.
(b) Except as set forth in the Target Disclosure Schedule,
Target has not granted any third party (i) any right to reproduce, distribute,
market or exploit any of the Target Products or any adaptations, translations,
or derivative works based on the Target Products or any portion thereof, or (ii)
any license or other right in or to the Target Proprietary Rights.
(c) All material designs, drawings, specifications, source code,
object code, scripts, documentation, flow charts, diagrams, data lists,
databases, compilations and information incorporating, embodying or reflecting
any of the Target Products at any stage of their development (the "TARGET
COMPONENTS") were written, developed and created solely and exclusively by
employees of Target without the assistance of any third party or entity or were
created by third parties who assigned ownership of their rights to Target by
means of valid and enforceable consultant confidentiality and invention
assignment agreements, copies of which have been made available to Acquiror.
Target has at all times used commercially reasonable efforts customary in its
industry to treat the Target Proprietary Rights related to Target Products and
Target Components as containing trade secrets and has not disclosed or otherwise
dealt with such items in such a manner as intended or reasonably likely to cause
the loss of such trade secrets by release into the public domain.
(d) To Target's knowledge, after reasonable inquiry, no
employee, contractor or consultant of Target is in violation in any material
respect of any term of any written employment contract, patent disclosure
agreement or any other written contract or agreement relating to the
relationship of any such employee, consultant or contractor with Target or, to
Target's knowledge, any other party because of the nature of the business
conducted by Target or proposed to be conducted by Target. The Target
Disclosure Schedule lists all employees, contractors and consultants who have
participated in any way in the development of the Target Products or the Target
Proprietary Rights.
(e) Each person presently or previously employed by Target
(including independent contractors, if any) with access authorized by Target to
confidential information has executed a confidentiality and non-disclosure
agreement pursuant to the form of agreement previously provided to Acquiror or
its representatives.
(f) No product liability or warranty claims have been
communicated in writing to or threatened against Target.
(g) To Target's knowledge, there is no material unauthorized
use, disclosure, infringement or misappropriation of any Target Proprietary
Rights, or any Third Party
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Technology to the extent licensed by or through Target, by any third party,
including any employee or former employee of Target. Target has not entered
into any agreement to indemnify any other person against any charge of
infringement of any Target Proprietary Rights.
(h) Target has taken all steps customary and reasonable in the
industry to protect and preserve the confidentiality and proprietary nature of
all Intellectual Property and other confidential information not otherwise
protected by patents, patent applications or copyright ("CONFIDENTIAL
INFORMATION"). All use, disclosure or appropriation by Target or, to the
knowledge of Target, by another party pursuant to rights granted to it by
Target, of Confidential Information owned by Target to a third party has been
pursuant to the terms of a written agreement between Target and such third
party. All use, disclosure or appropriation by Target of Confidential
Information not owned by Target has been pursuant to the terms of a written
agreement between Target and the owner of such Confidential Information, or is
otherwise lawful.
Section 3.9 EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS.
(a) The Target Disclosure Schedule lists, with respect to Target
and any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) which is treated as a
single employer with Target (an "ERISA AFFILIATE") within the meaning of
Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code, (i) all employee benefit plans (as
defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974,
as amended ("ERISA")), (ii) each loan to a non-officer employee, loans to
officers and directors and any stock option, stock purchase, phantom stock,
stock appreciation right, supplemental retirement, severance, sabbatical,
medical, dental, vision care, disability, employee relocation, cafeteria benefit
(Code Section 125) or dependent care (Code Section 129), life insurance or
accident insurance plans, programs or arrangements, (iii) all bonus, pension,
profit sharing, savings, deferred compensation or incentive plans, programs or
arrangements, (iv) other fringe or employee benefit plans, programs or
arrangements that apply to senior management of Target and that do not generally
apply to all employees, and (v) any current or former employment or executive
compensation or severance agreements, written or otherwise, for the benefit of,
or relating to, any present or former employee, consultant or director of Target
as to which (with respect to any of items (i) through (v) above) any potential
liability is borne by Target (together, the "TARGET EMPLOYEE PLANS").
(b) Target has made available to Acquiror or its representatives
a copy of each of the Target Employee Plans and related plan documents
(including trust documents, insurance policies or contracts, employee booklets,
summary plan descriptions and other authorizing documents, and, to the extent
still in its possession, any material employee communications relating thereto)
and has, with respect to each Target Employee Plan which is subject to ERISA
reporting requirements, made available copies of any Form 5500 reports filed for
the last three plan years. Any Target Employee Plan intended to be qualified
under Section 401(a) of the Code has either obtained from the Internal Revenue
Service a favorable determination opinion, notification or advisory letter as to
its qualified status under the Code, including all amendments to the Code
effected by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and subsequent legislation, or has time
remaining prior to the expiration of the requisite period under applicable
Treasury Regulations or
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Internal Revenue Service pronouncements in which to apply for such determination
opinion, notification or advisory letter and to make any amendments necessary to
obtain a favorable determination. Target has also made available to Acquiror
the most recent Internal Revenue Service determination opinion, notification or
advisory letter issued with respect to each such Target Employee Plan, and
nothing has occurred since the issuance of each such letter which could
reasonably be expected to cause the loss of the tax-qualified status of any
Target Employee Plan subject to Code Section 401(a).
(c) Except as set forth in the Target Disclosure Schedule,
(i) None of the Target Employee Plans promises or provides retiree medical or
other retiree welfare benefits to any person, except benefit coverage mandated
by applicable law, including benefits provided pursuant to the Consolidated
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended ("COBRA"), benefits the
full cost of which are borne by employees of Target (or such employees'
beneficiaries or dependents), death or disability benefits under any of the
Target Employee Plans, benefits arising in connection with a separation or
severance program, plan or arrangement, and life insurance benefits for any
employee who dies while in the service of Target; (ii) there has been no
"prohibited transaction," as such term is defined in Section 406 of ERISA and
Section 4975 of the Code, with respect to any Target Employee Plan and not
otherwise exempt under Section 408 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code;
(iii) each Target Employee Plan has been administered in all material respects
in accordance with its terms and in compliance with the requirements prescribed
by any and all statutes, rules and regulations (including ERISA and the Code),
and Target and each subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate have performed all material
obligations required to be performed by them under, are not in any material
respect in default, under or violation of, and have no knowledge of any material
default or violation by any other party to, any of the Target Employee Plans;
(iv) neither Target nor any subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate is subject to any
liability or penalty under Sections 4976 through 4980 of the Code or Title I of
ERISA with respect to any of the Target Employee Plans; (v) all contributions
required to be made by Target or any subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate to any Target
Employee Plan have been made on or before their due dates; (vi) with respect to
each Target Employee Plan, no "reportable event" within the meaning of
Section 4043 of ERISA (excluding any such event for which the thirty (30) day
notice requirement has been waived under the regulations to Section 4043 of
ERISA) nor any event described in Section 4062, 4063 or 4041 of ERISA has
occurred; and (vii) no Target Employee Plan is covered by, and neither Target
nor any subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate has incurred or expects to incur any
material liability under Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code. With
respect to each Target Employee Plan subject to ERISA as either an employee
pension plan within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA or an employee welfare
benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(1) of ERISA, Target has prepared in
good faith and timely filed, to the best of its knowledge, all requisite
governmental reports (which were true and correct as of the date filed) and has
properly and timely filed and distributed or posted all notices and reports to
employees required to be filed, distributed or posted with respect to each such
Target Employee Plan. No suit, administrative proceeding, action or other
litigation has been brought, or to the knowledge of Target is threatened,
against or with respect to any such Target Employee Plan, including any audit or
inquiry by the IRS or United States Department of Labor. Neither Target nor any
ERISA
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Affiliate is a party to, or has made any contribution to or otherwise incurred
any obligation under, any "multi-employer plan" as defined in Section 3(37) of
ERISA.
(d) With respect to each Target Employee Plan, Target has
complied in all material respects with (i) the applicable health care
continuation and notice provisions of COBRA and the proposed regulations
thereunder, (ii) the applicable requirements of the Family Medical Leave Act of
1993 and the regulations thereunder, and (iii) the applicable requirements of
the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 ("HIPAA") and
the temporary regulations thereunder.
(e) The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement will not (i) entitle any current or former employee or other service
provider of Target or any other ERISA Affiliate to severance benefits or any
other payment (including, without limitation, unemployment compensation, golden
parachute or bonus), except as expressly provided in this Agreement, or
(ii) increase or accelerate any benefits or the amount of compensation due any
such employee or service provider.
(f) There has been no amendment to, written interpretation or
announcement (whether or not written) by Target or other ERISA Affiliate
relating to, or change in participation or coverage under, any Target Employee
Plan which would (except as required by law) materially increase the expense of
maintaining such Plan above the level of expense incurred with respect to that
Plan for the most recent fiscal year included in the Target Financial
Statements.
Section 3.10 BANK ACCOUNTS. The Target Disclosure Schedule sets forth
the names and locations of all banks, trust companies, savings and loan
associations, and other financial institutions at which Target maintains
accounts of any nature and the names of all persons authorized to draw thereon
or make withdrawals therefrom.
Section 3.11 CONTRACTS.
(a) Except as set forth on the Target Disclosure Schedule:
(i) Target has no agreements, contracts or commitments
that provide for the sale, licensing or distribution by Target of any Target
Products or Target Proprietary Rights. Without limiting the foregoing, except
as set forth on the Target Disclosure Schedule, Target has not granted to any
third party (including, without limitation, original equipment manufacturers
("OEMS") and site-license customers) any rights to reproduce, manufacture or
distribute any of the Target Products, nor has Target granted to any third party
any exclusive rights of any kind (including, without limitation, exclusivity
with regard to categories of advertisers on Target's World Wide Web site,
territorial exclusivity or exclusivity with respect to particular versions,
implementations or translations of any of the Target Products), nor has Target
granted any third party any right to market any of the Target Products under any
private label or "OEM" arrangements, nor has Target granted any license of any
Target trademarks or servicemarks.
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(ii) Target has no Third Party Licenses.
(iii) Target has no agreements, contracts or commitments
that call for fixed and/or contingent payments or expenditures in excess of
$10,000 by or to Target after the date of this Agreement (including, without
limitation, any advertising or revenue sharing arrangement).
(iv) Target has no outstanding sales or advertising
contract, commitment or proposal (including, without limitation, insertion
orders, slotting agreements or other agreements under which Target has allowed
third parties to advertise on or otherwise be included in Target's World Wide
Web sites) that Target currently expects to result in any loss to Target upon
completion or performance thereof.
(v) Target has no outstanding agreements, contracts or
commitments with officers, employees, agents, consultants, independent
contractors, advisors, salesmen, sales representatives, distributors or dealers
that are not cancelable by Target in its sole discretion and without liability,
penalty or premium.
(vi) Target has no currently effective collective
bargaining or union agreements, contracts or commitments.
(vii) Target is not restricted by agreement from competing
with any person or from carrying on its business anywhere in the world.
(viii) Target has not guaranteed any obligations of other
persons or made any agreements to acquire or guarantee any obligations of other
persons.
(ix) Target has no outstanding loan or advance to any
person; nor is it party to any line of credit, standby financing, revolving
credit or other similar financing arrangement of any sort which would permit the
borrowing by Target of any sum.
(x) Target has no agreements pursuant to which Target has
agreed to manufacture for, supply to or distribute to any third party any Target
Products or Target Components.
True and correct copies of each document or instrument listed on the Target
Disclosure Schedule pursuant to this Section 3.11(a) (the "MATERIAL CONTRACTS")
have been provided to Acquiror or its representatives.
(b) All of the Material Contracts listed on the Target
Disclosure Schedule are valid, binding, in full force and effect, and
enforceable by Target in accordance with their respective terms. No Material
Contract contains any liquidated damages, penalty or similar provision. To the
knowledge of Target, no party to any such Material Contract intends to cancel,
withdraw, modify or amend such contract, agreement or arrangement.
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(c) Target is not in default under or in breach or violation of,
nor, to Target's knowledge, is there any valid basis for any claim of default by
Target under, or breach or violation by Target of, any material provision of any
Material Contract. To Target's knowledge, no other party is in default under or
in breach or violation of, nor is there any valid basis for any claim of default
by any other party under or any breach or violation by any other party of, any
Material Contract.
(d) Except as specifically indicated on the Target Disclosure
Schedule, none of the Material Contracts provides for indemnification by Target
of any third party. No claims have been made or threatened that would require
indemnification by Target, and Target has not paid any amounts to indemnify any
third party as a result of indemnification requirements of any kind.
Section 3.12 ORDERS, COMMITMENTS AND RETURNS. All accepted
advertising arrangements entered into by Target, and all material agreements,
contracts, or commitments for the purchase of supplies by Target, were made in
the ordinary course of business. There are no oral contracts or arrangements
for the sale of advertising or any other product or service by Target.
Section 3.13 COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. Target and the operation of
its business are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws
and regulations material to the operation of its business. Neither Target nor,
to Target's knowledge, any of its employees has directly or indirectly paid or
delivered any fee, commission or other sum of money or item of property, however
characterized, to any finder, agent, government official or other party in the
United States or any other country, that was or is in violation of any federal,
state, or local statute or law or of any statute or law of any other country
having jurisdiction. Target has not participated directly or indirectly in any
boycotts or other similar practices affecting any of its customers. Target has
complied in all material respects at all times with any and all applicable
federal, state and foreign laws, rules, regulations, proclamations and orders
relating to the importation or exportation of its products except for such
noncompliances as would not in the aggregate reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.14 LABOR DIFFICULTIES; NO DISCRIMINATION.
(a) Target is not engaged in any unfair labor practice and is
not in material violation of any applicable laws respecting employment and
employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, and wages and hours.
There is no unfair labor practice complaint against Target actually pending or,
to the knowledge of Target, threatened before the National Labor Relations
Board. There is no strike, labor dispute, slowdown, or stoppage actually pending
or, to the knowledge of Target, threatened against Target. To the knowledge of
Target, no union organizing activities are taking place with respect to the
business of Target. No grievance, nor any arbitration proceeding arising out of
or under any collective bargaining agreement is pending and, to the knowledge of
Target, no claims therefor exist. No collective bargaining agreement that is
binding on Target restricts it from relocating or closing any of its operations.
Target has not experienced any material work stoppage or other material labor
difficulty.
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(b) There is and has not been any claim against Target or its
officers or employees, or to Target's knowledge, threatened in writing against
Target or its officers or employees, based on actual or alleged race, age, sex,
disability or other harassment or discrimination, or similar tortious conduct,
or based on actual or alleged breach of contract with respect to any person's
employment by Target, nor, to the knowledge of Target, is there any basis for
any such claim.
(c) There are no pending claims against Target or any of its
Subsidiaries under any workers compensation plan or policy or for long term
disability. Target does not have any material obligations under COBRA with
respect to any former employees or qualifying beneficiaries thereunder. There
are no proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of Target, threatened, between
Target and any of its employees, which proceedings have had or could reasonably
be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Target.
Section 3.15 TRADE REGULATION. All of the prices charged by Target in
connection with the marketing or sale of any products or services have been in
compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. No claims have been
communicated or threatened in writing against Target with respect to wrongful
termination of any dealer, distributor or any other marketing entity,
discriminatory pricing, price fixing, unfair competition, false advertising, or
any other violation of any laws or regulations relating to anti-competitive
practices or unfair trade practices of any kind, and to Target's knowledge, no
specific situation, set of facts, or occurrence provides any basis for any such
claim against Target.
Section 3.16 INSIDER TRANSACTIONS. To the knowledge of Target, no
affiliate ("AFFILIATE") as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the "EXCHANGE ACT"), of Target has any interest in any
equipment or other property, real or personal, tangible or intangible of Target,
including, without limitation, any Target Proprietary Rights or any creditor,
supplier, customer, manufacturer, agent, representative, or distributor of
Target Products; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such Affiliate or other person shall
be deemed to have such an interest solely by virtue of the ownership of less
than 1% of the outstanding stock or debt securities of any publicly-held
company, the stock or debt securities of which are traded on a recognized stock
exchange or quoted on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated
Quotation System.
Section 3.17 EMPLOYEES, INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS AND CONSULTANTS. The
Target Disclosure Schedule lists all past and all currently effective written or
oral consulting, independent contractor and/or employment agreements and other
material agreements concluded with individual employees, independent contractors
or consultants to which Target is a party. True and correct copies of all such
written agreements have been provided to Acquiror or its representatives. All
independent contractors have been properly classified as independent contractors
for the purposes of federal and applicable state tax laws, laws applicable to
employee benefits and other applicable law. All salaries and wages paid by
Target are in compliance in all material respects with applicable federal, state
and local laws. Also shown on the Target Disclosure Schedule are the names,
positions and salaries or rates of pay, including bonuses, of all persons
presently employed by Target.
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Section 3.18 INSURANCE. The Target Disclosure Schedule contains a list
of the principal policies of fire, liability and other forms of insurance
currently or previously held by Target, and all claims made by Target under such
policies. To the knowledge of Target, Target has not done anything, either by
way of action or inaction, that might invalidate such policies in whole or in
part. There is no claim pending under any of such policies or bonds as to which
coverage has been questioned, denied or disputed by the underwriters of such
policies or bonds. All premiums due and payable under all such policies and
bonds have been paid and Target is otherwise in compliance with the terms of
such policies and bonds in all material respects. Target has no knowledge of
any threatened termination of, or material premium increase with respect to, any
of such policies.
Section 3.19 ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE. Subject to any reserves set forth in
the Most Recent Balance Sheet, the accounts receivable shown on the Most Recent
Balance Sheet represent and will represent bona fide claims against debtors for
sales and other charges, and are not subject to discount except for normal cash
and immaterial trade discounts.
Section 3.20 LITIGATION. There is no private or governmental action,
suit, proceeding, claim, arbitration or investigation pending before any agency,
court or tribunal, foreign or domestic, or, to the knowledge of Target,
threatened against Target or any of its properties or any of its officers or
directors (in their capacities as such). There is no judgment, decree or order
against Target, or, to the knowledge of Target, any of its directors or officers
(in their capacities as such). To Target's knowledge, no circumstances exist
that could reasonably be expected to result in a claim against Target as a
result of the conduct of Target's business (including, without limitation, any
claim of infringement of any intellectual property right). The matters
described in this Section 3.20 include, but are not limited to, those arising
under any applicable federal, state and local laws, regulations and agency
interpretations of the same relating to the collection and use of user
information gathered in the course of the Company's operations.
Section 3.21 GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORIZATIONS AND REGULATIONS. Target has
obtained each federal, state, county, local or foreign governmental consent,
license, permit, grant, or other authorization of a Governmental Entity
(i) pursuant to which Target currently operates or holds any interest in any of
its properties or (ii) that is required for the operation of Target's business
or the holding of any such interest, and all of such authorizations are in full
force and effect, except when the failure to obtain such authorization could not
be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.22 SUBSIDIARIES. Target has no Subsidiaries. As used in this
Agreement, the word "SUBSIDIARY" means, with respect to any other party, any
corporation or other entity, whether incorporated or unincorporated, of which
(i) such party or any other Subsidiary of such party is a general partner
(excluding partnerships, the general partnership interests of which held by such
party or any Subsidiary of such party do not have a majority of the voting
interest in such partnership) or (ii) at least a majority of the securities or
other interests having by their terms ordinary voting power to elect a majority
of the Board of Directors or others performing similar functions with respect to
such corporation or other organization or a majority of the profit interests in
such other organization is directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such
party or
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by any one or more of its Subsidiaries, or by such party and one or more of its
Subsidiaries. Target does not own or control (directly or indirectly) any
capital stock, bonds or other securities of, and does not have any proprietary
interest in, any other corporation, general or limited partnership, firm,
association or business organization, entity or enterprise, and Target does not
control (directly or indirectly) the management or policies of any other
corporation, partnership, firm, association or business organization, entity or
enterprise.
Section 3.23 COMPLIANCE WITH ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS. Target has
obtained all permits, licenses and other authorizations which are required under
federal, state and local laws applicable to Target and relating to pollution or
protection of the environment, including laws or provisions relating to
emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of pollutants,
contaminants, or hazardous or toxic materials, substances, or wastes into air,
surface water, groundwater, or land, or otherwise relating to the manufacture,
processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport, or
handling of pollutants, contaminants or hazardous or toxic materials,
substances, or wastes or which are intended to assure the safety of employees,
workers or other persons, except where the failure to obtain such authorizations
could not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Target is
in compliance in all material respects with all terms and conditions of all such
permits, licenses and authorizations. There are no conditions, circumstances,
activities, practices, incidents, or actions known to Target which could
reasonably be expected to form the basis of any claim, action, suit, proceeding,
hearing, or investigation of, by, against or relating to Target, based on or
related to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage,
disposal, transport, or handling, or the emission, discharge, release or
threatened release into the environment, of any pollutant, contaminant, or
hazardous or toxic substance, material or waste, or relating to the safety of
employees, workers or other persons.
Section 3.24 CORPORATE DOCUMENTS. Target has furnished to Acquiror or
its representatives: (a) copies of its Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, as
amended to date; (b) its minute book containing consents, actions, and meetings
of the shareholders, the board of directors and any committees thereof; (c) all
material permits, orders, and consents issued by any regulatory agency with
respect to Target, or any securities of Target, and all applications for such
permits, orders, and consents; and (d) the stock transfer books of Target
setting forth all transfers of any capital stock. The corporate minute books,
stock certificate books, stock registers and other corporate records of Target
are complete and accurate, and the signatures appearing on all documents
contained therein are the true or facsimile signatures of the persons purporting
to have signed the same.
Section 3.25 NO BROKERS. Neither Target nor, to Target's knowledge, any
Target shareholder is obligated for the payment of fees or expenses of any
broker, agent or finder in connection with the origin, negotiation or execution
of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or in connection with any
transaction contemplated hereby or thereby.
Section 3.26 POOLING OF INTERESTS. To Target's knowledge, neither Target
nor any of its Affiliates has, through the date of this Agreement, taken or
agreed to take any action which
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would prevent Acquiror from accounting for the business combination to be
effected by the Merger as a pooling of interests.
Section 3.27 ADVERTISERS, CUSTOMERS AND SUPPLIERS. As of the date hereof,
no advertiser or other customer which individually accounted for more than 2% of
Target's gross revenues during the 12-month period preceding the date hereof,
and no material supplier of Target, has canceled or otherwise terminated prior
to the expiration of the contract term, or made any written threat to Target to
cancel or otherwise terminate its relationship with Target, or has at any time
during the 12 month period preceding the date hereof decreased materially its
services or supplies to Target in the case of any such supplier, or its usage of
the services or products of Target in the case of such customer, and to Target's
knowledge, no such supplier or customer intends to cancel or otherwise terminate
its contractual relationship with Target or to decrease materially its services
or supplies to Target or its usage of the services or products of Target, as the
case may be. Target has not knowingly engaged in any fraudulent conduct with
respect to, any customer or supplier or Target.
Section 3.28 TARGET ACTION. The Board of Directors of Target, by
unanimous written consent or at a meeting duly called and held, has by the
unanimous vote of all directors (i) determined that the Merger is fair and in
the best interests of Target and its shareholders, (ii) approved the Merger and
this Agreement in accordance with the provisions of California Law, and (iii)
directed that this Agreement and the Merger be submitted to Target shareholders
for their approval and resolved to recommend that Target shareholders vote in
favor of the approval of this Agreement and the Merger.
Section 3.29 OFFERS. Target has suspended or terminated, and has the
legal right to terminate or suspend, all negotiations and discussions of
Acquisition Transactions (as defined in Section 5.6) with parties other than
Acquiror.
Section 3.30 PRIVACY LAWS AND POLICIES COMPLIANCE. Target has complied
with all applicable federal, state and local laws, regulations and agency
interpretations of the same relating to the collection and use of user
information gathered in the course of Target's operations, and Target has at all
times complied with all rules, policies and procedures established by Target
from time to time with respect to the foregoing.
Section 3.31 DISCLOSURE. No statements by Target contained in this
Agreement, its exhibits and schedules nor in any of the certificates or
documents, including any of the Transaction Documents, delivered or required to
be delivered by Target to Acquiror or Sub under this Agreement contains any
untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary
in order to make the statements contained herein or therein not misleading in
light of the circumstances under which they were made.
Section 3.32 FEES AND EXPENSES. All legal, accounting, investment
banking, broker's and finder's fees and expenses incurred by Target or its
shareholders in connection with the Merger shall not exceed $75,000.
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ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF ACQUIROR AND SUB
Acquiror and Sub jointly and severally represent and warrant to Target
that, except as disclosed in the following documents filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the "COMMISSION"), the statements contained in this
Article IV are true and correct: (a) Acquiror's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998, as filed with the Commission on
February 26, 1999, and as amended on April 29, 1999, (b) Acquiror's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1999, as filed with the
Commission on May 17, 1999, and (c) Acquiror's Definitive Proxy Materials on
Schedule 14A as filed with the Commission on April 9, 1999.
Section 4.1 ORGANIZATION OF ACQUIROR AND SUB. Each of Acquiror and its
Subsidiaries, including Sub, is a corporation duly organized, validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of its respective jurisdiction of
incorporation and has all requisite corporate power to own, lease and operate
its property and to carry on its business as now being conducted and is duly
qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing in each
jurisdiction in which the failure to be so qualified or licensed would have a
Material Adverse Effect on Acquiror or Sub. The authorized capital stock of Sub
consists of 1,000 shares of Common Stock, all of which are issued and
outstanding and are held by Acquiror.
Section 4.2 VALID ISSUANCE OF ACQUIROR COMMON STOCK. The shares of
Acquiror's Common Stock, par value of $0.001 per share ("ACQUIROR COMMON
STOCK"), to be issued pursuant to the Merger will be duly authorized, validly
issued, fully paid, and non-assessable and issued in compliance with all
applicable federal or state securities laws.
Section 4.3 AUTHORITY; NO CONFLICT; REQUIRED FILINGS AND CONSENTS.
(a) Each of Acquiror and Sub has all requisite corporate power
and authority to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents
to which it is or will become a party and to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and such Transaction Documents. The execution
and delivery of this Agreement and such Transaction Documents and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and such
Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate
action on the part of Acquiror and Sub. This Agreement has been and such
Transaction Documents have been or, to the extent not executed as of the date
hereof, will be duly executed and delivered by Acquiror and Sub. This Agreement
and each of the Transaction Documents to which Acquiror or Sub is a party
constitutes, and each of the Transaction Documents to which Acquiror or Sub will
become a party when executed and delivered by Acquiror or Sub will constitute, a
valid and binding obligation of Acquiror or Sub, enforceable against Acquiror or
Sub, as the case may be, in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that
enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, reorganization,
insolvency, moratorium or other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors'
rights generally and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such
enforceability is considered
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(b) The execution and delivery by Acquiror or Sub of this
Agreement and the Transaction Documents to which it is or will become a party
does not, and consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or
the Transaction Documents to which it is or will become a party will not, (i)
conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of any provision of the
Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of Acquiror or Sub, (ii) result in any
violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time,
or both) a default (or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or
acceleration of any obligation or loss of any material benefit) under any of the
terms, conditions or provisions of any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease,
contract or other agreement, instrument or obligation to which Acquiror or Sub
is a party or by which either of them or any of their properties or assets may
be bound, or (iii) conflict or violate any permit, concession, franchise,
license, judgment, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation
applicable to Acquiror or Sub or any of their properties or assets, except in
the case of (ii) and (iii) for any such conflicts, violations, defaults,
terminations, cancellations or accelerations which would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Acquiror and its Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole.
(c) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by
Acquiror or Sub or the Transaction Documents to which Acquiror or Sub is or will
become a party nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or
thereby will require any consent, approval, order or authorization of, or
registration, declaration or filing with, any Governmental Entity, except for
(i) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State
and the filing of the Agreement of Merger with the California Secretary of
State, (ii) such consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations,
declarations and filings as may be required under applicable federal and state
securities laws and the laws of any foreign country, and (iii) such other
consents, authorizations, filings, approvals and registrations which, if not
obtained or made, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect
on Acquiror and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
Section 4.4 COMMISSION FILINGS; FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
(a) Acquiror has filed with the Commission and made available to
Target or its representatives all forms, reports and documents required to be
filed by Acquiror with the Commission since March 31, 1997 (collectively, the
"ACQUIROR COMMISSION REPORTS"). The Acquiror Commission Reports (i) at the time
filed, complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the "SECURITIES ACT"), and the Exchange
Act, as the case may be, and (ii) did not at the time they were filed (or if
amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, then on
the date of such filing) contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state a material fact required to be stated in such Acquiror Commission
Reports or necessary in order to make the statements in such Acquiror Commission
Reports, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading.
(b) Each of the financial statements (including, in each case,
any related notes) contained in the Acquiror Commission Reports, including any
Acquiror Commission Reports filed after the date of this Agreement until the
Closing, complied or will comply as to
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form in all material respects with the applicable published rules and
regulations of the Commission with respect thereto, was prepared in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis
throughout the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes to such
financial statements or, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by
Form 10-Q of the Commission) and fairly presented the consolidated financial
position of Acquiror and its Subsidiaries as at the respective dates and the
consolidated results of its operations and cash flows for the periods indicated,
except that the unaudited interim financial statements were or are subject to
normal and recurring year-end adjustments which were not or are not expected to
be material in amount.
Section 4.5 COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. Acquiror has complied with, is not in
violation of, and has not received any notices of violation with respect to, any
federal, state or local statute, law or regulation with respect to the conduct
of its business, or the ownership or operation of its business, except for
failures to comply or violations which, in the aggregate, would not reasonably
be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Acquiror and its Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole.
Section 4.6 POOLING OF INTERESTS. To its knowledge, neither Acquiror
nor any of its affiliates has taken or agreed to take any action which would
prevent Acquiror from accounting for the business combination to be effected by
the Merger as a pooling of interests.
Section 4.7 INTERIM OPERATIONS OF SUB. Sub was formed solely for the
purpose of engaging in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, has
engaged in no other business activities and has conducted its operations only as
contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 4.8 STOCKHOLDERS CONSENT. No consent or approval of the
stockholders of Acquiror is required or necessary for Acquiror to enter into
this Agreement or the Transaction Documents or to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby.
Section 4.9 ABSENCE OF CERTAIN CHANGES OR EVENTS. Since March 31, 1999,
Acquiror and its Subsidiaries have conducted their business in the ordinary
course and, since such date, there has not been any Material Adverse Change with
respect to Acquiror and any of its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
Section 4.10 DISCLOSURE. No statements by Acquiror contained in this
Agreement, its exhibits and schedules, or any of the certificates or documents,
including any of the Transaction Documents, required to be delivered by Acquiror
or Sub to Target under this Agreement contain any untrue statement of material
fact or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
contained herein or therein not misleading in light of the circumstances under
which they were made.
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ARTICLE V
PRECLOSING COVENANTS OF TARGET
Section 5.1 APPROVAL OF TARGET SHAREHOLDERS. The information supplied
by Target for inclusion in the information statement to be sent to the
shareholders of Target in connection with the meeting of Target shareholders to
consider the Merger (the "TARGET SHAREHOLDERS MEETING") or in connection with
any written consent of shareholders of Target (such information statement as
amended or supplemented is referred to herein as the "INFORMATION STATEMENT")
shall not, on the date the Information Statement is first mailed to Target
shareholders, at the time of the Target Shareholders Meeting, or written consent
of shareholders and at the Effective Time, contain any statement which is false
or misleading with respect to any material fact, or omit to state any material
fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not false or misleading.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Target makes no representation, warranty or
covenant with respect to any information supplied by Acquiror or Sub which is
contained in any of the foregoing documents, whether such information is
incorporated directly into the foregoing documents or forms the basis for
information provided by Target. Prior to the Closing Date and at the earliest
practicable date following the date hereof, Target will solicit written consents
from its shareholders seeking, or hold a Target Shareholders Meeting for the
purpose of seeking, approval of this Agreement, the Merger and related matters.
If Target holds a Target Shareholders Meeting, the Board of Directors of Target
will solicit proxies from Target's shareholders to vote such shareholders'
shares at the Target Shareholders Meeting. In soliciting such written consent
or proxies, the Board of Directors of Target will (subject to satisfying its
fiduciary obligations to the shareholders of Target) recommend to the
shareholders of Target that they approve this Agreement and the Merger and shall
use its reasonable efforts to obtain the approval of the shareholders of Target
entitled to vote on or consent to this Agreement and the Merger in accordance
with California Law and Target's Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws. Target
will prepare as soon as reasonably practicable the Information Statement in form
and substance reasonably acceptable to Acquiror, with respect to the
solicitation of written consents and/or proxies from the shareholders of Target
to approve this Agreement, the Merger and related matters. The Information
Statement shall be in such form and contain such information that the Acquiror
believes meets the requirements of Section 4(2) and/or Regulation D under the
Securities Act in connection with the issuance of shares of Acquiror Common
Stock in the Merger and that Acquiror believes will comply in all material
respects with all applicable requirements of law and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder. The Information Statement shall include as an
attachment an Investment Agreement, in substantially the form attached hereto as
EXHIBIT D (an "INVESTMENT AGREEMENT"), to be completed by each shareholder of
Target and delivered to Acquiror for purposes of confirming the availability of
an exemption from registration under the Securities Act for the issuance by
Acquiror of shares of Acquiror Common Stock in the Merger. As soon as
practicable after the execution of this Agreement, Target will distribute the
Information Statement to the shareholders of Target. Whenever any event occurs
which should be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the Information
Statement, Target or Acquiror, as the case may be, will promptly inform the
other of such occurrence and cooperate in making any appropriate amendment or
supplement, and/or
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mailing to shareholders of Target, such amendment or supplement. The
Information Statement will include the recommendation of the Board of Directors
of Target in favor of adoption and approval of this Agreement and approval of
the Merger.
Section 5.2 ADVICE OF CHANGES. Target will promptly advise Acquiror in
writing of any event occurring subsequent to the date of this Agreement which
would render any representation or warranty of Target contained in this
Agreement, if made on or as of the date of such event or the Closing Date,
untrue or inaccurate in any material respect.
Section 5.3 OPERATION OF BUSINESS. During the period from the date of
this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the termination of the
Agreement or the Effective Time, Target agrees (except to the extent that
Acquiror shall otherwise consent in writing) to carry on its business in the
usual, regular and ordinary course in substantially the same manner as
previously conducted, to pay its debts and taxes when due, subject to good faith
disputes over such debts or taxes, to pay or perform other obligations when due,
and, to the extent consistent with such business, use all reasonable efforts
consistent with past practices and policies to preserve intact its present
business organization, keep available the services of its present officers and
key employees and preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers,
distributors, licensors, licensees, and others having business dealings with it,
to the end that its goodwill and ongoing businesses would be unimpaired at the
Effective Time. Target shall promptly notify Acquiror of any event or
occurrence not in the ordinary course of business of Target. Except as
expressly contemplated by this Agreement, Target shall not, without the prior
written consent of Acquiror:
(a) accelerate, amend or change the period of exercisability or
the vesting schedule of restricted stock granted under any employee stock plan
or agreements or authorize cash payments in exchange for any options granted
under any of such plans except as specifically required by the terms of such
plans or any related agreements or any such agreements in effect as of the date
of this Agreement and disclosed in the Target Disclosure Schedule;
(b) declare or pay any dividends on or make any other
distributions (whether in cash, stock or property) in respect of any of its
capital stock, or split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock or issue
or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or
in substitution for shares of capital stock of such party, or purchase or
otherwise acquire, directly or indirectly, any shares of its capital stock
except from former employees, directors and consultants in accordance with
agreements providing for the repurchase of shares in connection with any
termination of service by such party;
(c) issue, deliver or sell or authorize or propose the issuance,
delivery or sale of, or purchase or propose the purchase of, any shares of its
capital stock or securities convertible into shares of its capital stock, or
subscriptions, rights, warrants or options to acquire, or other agreements or
commitments of any character obligating it to issue any such shares or other
convertible securities, other than (i) the issuance of (A) shares of Target
Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Target Options, which are outstanding on
the date of this Agreement or (B) shares of Target Common Stock issuable upon
conversion of shares of Target Preferred Stock or
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(ii) the repurchase of shares of Common Stock from terminated Target employees
pursuant to the terms of outstanding stock restriction or similar agreements;
(d) acquire or agree to acquire by merging or consolidating
with, or by purchasing a substantial equity interest in or substantial portion
of the assets of, or by any other manner, any business or any corporation,
partnership or other business organization or division, or otherwise acquire or
agree to acquire any assets;
(e) sell, lease, license or otherwise dispose of any of its
properties or assets which are material, individually or in the aggregate, to
the business of Target, except in the ordinary course of business;
(f) (i) except as set forth on the Target Disclosure Schedule,
increase or agree to increase the compensation payable or to become payable to
its officers or employees, (ii) except as set forth on the Target Disclosure
Schedule, grant any additional severance or termination pay to, or enter into
any employment or severance agreements with, officers, (iii) grant any severance
or termination pay to, or enter into any employment or severance agreement, with
any non-officer employee, (iv) enter into any collective bargaining agreement,
or (v) establish, adopt, enter into or amend in any material respect any bonus,
profit sharing, thrift, compensation, stock option, restricted stock, pension,
retirement, deferred compensation, employment, termination, severance or other
plan, trust, fund, policy or arrangement for the benefit of any directors,
officers or employees;
(g) revalue any of its assets, including writing down the value
of inventory or writing off notes or accounts receivable;
(h) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money or guarantee any
such indebtedness or issue or sell any debt securities or warrants or rights to
acquire any debt securities or guarantee any debt securities of others;
(i) amend or propose to amend its Articles of Incorporation or
Bylaws;
(j) incur or commit to incur any capital expenditures in excess
of $50,000 in the aggregate or in excess of $10,000 as to any individual matter;
(k) lease, license, sell, transfer or encumber or permit to be
encumbered any asset, Target Proprietary Right or other property associated with
the business of Target (including sales or transfers to Affiliates of Target);
(1) enter into any lease or contract for the purchase or sale of
any property, real or personal, except in the ordinary course of business;
(m) fail to maintain its equipment and other assets in good
working condition and repair according to the standards it has maintained up to
the date of this Agreement, subject only to ordinary wear and tear;
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(n) change accounting methods;
(o) amend or terminate any material contract, agreement or
license to which it is a party except in the ordinary course of business;
(p) loan any amount to any person or entity, or guaranty or act
as a surety for any obligation other than receivables generated in the ordinary
course of business;
(q) waive or release any material right or claim, except in the
ordinary course of business;
(r) make or change any Tax or accounting election, change any
annual accounting period, adopt or change any accounting method, file any
amended Return, enter into any closing agreement, settle any Tax claim or
assessment relating to Target, surrender any right to claim refund of Taxes,
consent to any extension or waiver of the limitation period applicable to any
Tax claim or assessment relating to Target, or take any other action or omit to
take any action that would have the effect of increasing the Tax liability of
Target or Acquiror;
(s) take any action or fail to take any action that would cause
there to be a Material Adverse Change with respect to Target;
(t) enter into any agreement outside of the ordinary course of
business in which the obligation of Target exceeds $10,000 or shall not
terminate or be subject to termination for convenience within 60 days following
execution;
(u) enter into any agreement not in the ordinary course of
business (including without limitation any material licenses to information or
databases, any OEM agreements, any exclusive agreements of any kind, or any
agreements providing for obligations that would extend beyond 180 days of the
date of this Agreement); or
(v) take, or agree in writing or otherwise to take, any of the
actions described in Sections (a) through (u) above, or any action which is
reasonably likely to make any of Target's representations or warranties
contained in this Agreement untrue or incorrect in any material respect on the
date made (to the extent so limited) or as of the Effective Time.
Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, in the event the Closing does not occur by
June 4, 1999, Target and Acquiror shall negotiate a new budget relating to
interim operation of Target and specific actions that may need to be taken by
Target mutually acceptable to both parties.
Section 5.4 ACCESS TO INFORMATION. Until the Closing, Target shall
allow Acquiror and its agents reasonable free access during normal business
hours upon reasonable notice to its files, books, records, and offices,
including, without limitation, any and all information relating to taxes,
commitments, contracts, leases, licenses, and personal property and financial
condition. Until the Closing, Target shall cause its accountants to cooperate
with Acquiror and its agents in making available all financial information
requested, including without limitation the right to examine all working papers
pertaining to all financial statements prepared or audited by such
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accountants. No information or knowledge obtained in any investigation pursuant
to this Section shall affect or be deemed to modify any representation or
warranty contained in this Agreement or its exhibits and schedules. All such
access shall be subject to the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement (as
defined in Section 7.1).
Section 5.5 SATISFACTION OF CONDITIONS PRECEDENT. Target will use its
reasonable best efforts to satisfy or cause to be satisfied all the conditions
precedent which are set forth in Sections 8.1 and 8.2, and Target will use its
reasonable best efforts to cause the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
to be consummated, and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, to
obtain all consents and authorizations of third parties and to make all filings
with, and give all notices to, third parties which may be necessary or
reasonably required on its part in order to effect the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement. Target shall use its best efforts to obtain any and all
consents necessary with respect to those Material Contracts listed on
Schedule 5.5 of the Target Disclosure Schedule in connection with the Merger
(the "MATERIAL CONSENTS").
Section 5.6 OTHER NEGOTIATIONS. Following the date hereof and until
termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.1, Target will not (and it
will not permit any of its officers, directors, employees, agents and Affiliates
on its behalf to) take any action to solicit, initiate, seek, encourage or
support any inquiry, proposal or offer from, furnish any information to, or
participate in any negotiations with, any corporation, partnership, person or
other entity or group (other than Acquiror) regarding any acquisition of Target,
any merger or consolidation with or involving Target, or any acquisition of any
material portion of the stock or assets of Target or any material license of
Target Proprietary Rights (any of the foregoing being referred to in this
Agreement as an "ACQUISITION TRANSACTION") or enter into an agreement concerning
any Acquisition Transaction with any party other than Acquiror. If between the
date of this Agreement and the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section
9.1, Target receives from a third party any offer or indication of interest
regarding any Acquisition Transaction, or any request for information regarding
any Acquisition Transaction, Target shall (i) notify Acquiror immediately
(orally and in writing) of such offer, indication of interest or request,
including the identity of such party and the full terms of any proposal therein,
and (ii) notify such third party of Target's obligations under this Agreement.
ARTICLE VI
PRECLOSING AND OTHER COVENANTS OF ACQUIROR AND SUB
Section 6.1 ADVICE OF CHANGES. Acquiror and Sub will promptly advise
Target in writing of any event occurring subsequent to the date of this
Agreement which would render any representation or warranty of Acquiror or Sub
contained in this Agreement, if made on or as of the date of such event or the
Closing Date, untrue or inaccurate in any material respect.
Section 6.2 RESERVATION OF ACQUIROR COMMON STOCK. Acquiror shall
reserve for issuance, out of its authorized but unissued capital stock, the
maximum number of shares of Acquiror Common Stock as may be issuable upon
consummation of the Merger.
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Section 6.3 SATISFACTION OF CONDITIONS PRECEDENT. Acquiror and Sub will
use their reasonable best efforts to satisfy or cause to be satisfied all the
conditions precedent which are set forth in Sections 8.1 and 8.3, and Acquiror
and Sub will use their reasonable best efforts to cause the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement to be consummated, and, without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, to obtain all consents and authorizations of third
parties and to make all filings with, and give all notices to, third parties
which may be necessary or reasonably required on its part in order to effect the
transactions contemplated hereby.
Section 6.4 NASDAQ NATIONAL MARKET LISTING. Acquiror shall cause the
shares of Acquiror Common Stock issuable to the shareholders of Target in the
Merger and to the holders of assumed Target Options to be authorized for listing
on the Nasdaq National Market.
Section 6.5 STOCK OPTIONS.
(a) At the Effective Time, each outstanding Target Option under
the Target Option Plan, whether vested or unvested, shall be assumed by Acquiror
and deemed to constitute an option (an "ACQUIROR OPTION") to acquire, on the
same terms and conditions as were applicable under the Target Option, the same
number of shares of Acquiror Common Stock as the holder of such Target Option
would have been entitled to receive pursuant to the Merger had such holder
exercised such option in full immediately prior to the Effective Time (rounded
down to the nearest whole number), at a price per share (rounded up to the
nearest whole cent) equal to (i) the aggregate exercise price for the shares of
Target Common Stock otherwise purchasable pursuant to such Target Option divided
by (ii) the number of full shares of Acquiror Common Stock deemed purchasable
pursuant to such Acquiror Option in accordance with the foregoing; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that, in the case of any Target Option to which Section 422 of the Code
applies ("INCENTIVE STOCK OPTIONS"), the option price, the number of shares
purchasable pursuant to such option and the terms and conditions of exercise of
such option shall be determined in order to comply with Section 424(a) of the
Code. In connection with the assumption by Acquiror of the Target Options
pursuant to this Section 6.5(a), Target shall be deemed to have assigned to
Acquiror, effective at the Effective Time, Target's right to repurchase unvested
shares of Target Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Target Options
or previously issued upon the exercise of options granted under the Target
Option Plan, in accordance with the terms of the Target Option Plan and the
related stock option agreements and stock purchase agreements entered into under
the Target Option Plan.
(b) As soon as practicable after the Effective Time, Acquiror
shall deliver to the participants in the Target Option Plan appropriate notice
setting forth such participants' rights pursuant thereto and the grants pursuant
to the Target Option Plan shall continue in effect on the same terms and
conditions (subject to the adjustments required by this Section 6.5 after giving
effect to the Merger). Acquiror shall comply with the terms of the Target
Option Plan and the parties intend that, to the extent required by, and subject
to the provisions of, such Target Option Plan and Sections 422 and 424(a) of the
Code, that Target Options which qualified as incentive stock options prior the
Effective Time continue to qualify as incentive stock options after the
Effective Time, and this provision shall be interpreted consistent with that
intent.
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(c) Acquiror shall take all corporate action necessary to
reserve for issuance a sufficient number of shares of Acquiror Common Stock for
delivery upon exercise of Target Options assumed in accordance with this Section
6.5. As soon as practicable after the Effective Time and in any event no later
than twenty (20) business days after the Closing Date, Acquiror shall file a
registration statement on Form S-8 (or any successor or other appropriate forms)
under the Securities Act or another appropriate form with respect to the shares
of Acquiror Common Stock subject to such options and shall use its best efforts
to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement or registration
statements (and maintain the current status of the prospectus or prospectuses
contained therein) for so long as such options remain outstanding.
Section 6.6 REGISTRATION OF SHARES ISSUED IN THE MERGER.
(a) REGISTRABLE SHARES. For purposes of this Agreement,
"REGISTRABLE SHARES" shall mean the shares of Acquiror Common Stock issued in
the Merger, including any and all Escrow Shares, but excluding shares of
Acquiror Common Stock issued in the Merger that have been sold or otherwise
transferred by the shareholders of Target who initially received such shares in
the Merger prior to the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined
below) (collectively, the "HOLDERS"); provided however, that a distribution of
shares of Acquiror Common Stock issued in the Merger without additional
consideration, to underlying beneficial owners (such as the general and limited
partners, shareholders or trust beneficiaries of a Holder) shall not be deemed
such a sale or transfer for purposes of this Section 6.6 and such underlying
beneficial owners shall be entitled to the same rights under this Section 6.6 as
the initial Holder from which the Registrable Shares were received and shall be
deemed a Holder for the purposes of this Section 6.6.
(b) REQUIRED REGISTRATION. Acquiror shall (i) prepare and file
with the Commission a registration statement on Form S-3 (or such successor or
other appropriate form) under the Securities Act with respect to the Registrable
Shares (the "REGISTRATION STATEMENT") no later than twenty (20) business days
following the Closing Date and (ii) use its reasonable best efforts to have such
registration statement declared effective by the Commission as soon as possible
thereafter but in any event on or before the expiration of the lock-up period
applicable to certain Former Target Shareholders for purposes of preserving
"pooling of interests" accounting treatment for the Merger, and shall effect all
such registrations, qualifications and compliances (including, without
limitation, obtaining appropriate qualifications under applicable state
securities or "blue sky" laws and compliance with any other applicable
governmental requirements or regulations) as any selling Holder may reasonably
request and that would permit or facilitate the sale of all Registrable Shares
(provided however that Acquiror shall not be required in connection therewith to
qualify to do business or to file a general consent to service of process in any
such state or jurisdiction), and in each case Acquiror will use its best efforts
to cause such Registration Statement and all other such registrations,
qualifications and compliances to become effective as soon as practicable
thereafter.
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(c) EFFECTIVENESS; SUSPENSION RIGHT.
(i) Acquiror will use its best efforts to maintain the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement and other applicable registrations,
qualifications and compliances for up to one (1) year from the Closing Date (the
"REGISTRATION EFFECTIVE PERIOD"), and from time to time will amend or supplement
the Registration Statement and the prospectus contained therein as and to the
extent necessary to comply with the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and any
applicable state securities statute or regulation, subject to the following
limitations and qualifications.
(ii) Following the date on which the Registration
Statement is first declared effective, the Holders will be permitted (subject in
all cases to the terms of the Shareholders Agreements and to Section 6.7 below)
to offer and sell Registrable Shares during the Registration Effective Period in
the manner described in the Registration Statement provided that the
Registration Statement remains effective and has not been suspended.
(iii) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section
6.6 but subject to Section 6.7, Acquiror shall have the right at any time to
require that all Holders suspend further open market offers and sales of
Registrable Shares whenever, and for so long as, in the reasonable judgment of
Acquiror after consultation with counsel there is or may be in existence
material undisclosed information or events with respect to Acquiror (the
"SUSPENSION RIGHT"). In the event Acquiror exercises the Suspension Right, such
suspension will continue for the period of time reasonably necessary for
disclosure to occur at a time that is not detrimental to Acquiror and its
shareholders or until such time as the information or event is no longer
material, each as determined in good faith by Acquiror after consultation with
counsel. Acquiror will promptly give the Holders notice of any such suspension
and will use all reasonable efforts to minimize the length of the suspension.
(d) EXPENSES. The costs and expenses to be borne by Acquiror
for purposes of this Section 6.6 shall include, without limitation, printing
expenses (including a reasonable number of prospectuses for circulation by the
selling Holders), legal fees and disbursements of counsel for Acquiror, "blue
sky" expenses, accounting fees and filing fees, but shall not include
underwriting commissions or similar charges, or any legal fees and disbursements
of counsel for the selling Holders.
(e) INDEMNIFICATION.
(i) To the extent permitted by law, Acquiror will
indemnify and hold harmless each Holder, any underwriter (as defined in the
Securities Act) for such Holder, its officers, directors, shareholders or
partners and each person, if any, who controls such Holder or underwriter within
the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, against any losses,
claims, damages, or liabilities (joint or several) to which they may become
subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state
law, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions in
respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any of the
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following statements, omissions or violations (collectively a "VIOLATION"):
(A) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
contained in the Registration Statement, including any preliminary prospectus or
final prospectus contained therein or any amendments or supplements thereto,
(B) the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required
to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading, or (C) any violation or alleged violation by Acquiror of the
Securities Act, the Exchange Act, any state securities law or any rule or
regulation promulgated under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any state
securities law; and Acquiror will pay to each such Holder (and its officers,
directors, shareholders or partners), underwriter or controlling person, any
legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with
investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action;
provided, however, that the indemnity agreement contained in this
Section 6.6(e)(i) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such
loss, claim, damage, liability, or action if such settlement is effected without
the consent of Acquiror; nor shall Acquiror be liable in any such case for any
such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action to the extent that it arises out
of or is based upon (a) a Violation which occurs in reliance upon and in
conformity with written information furnished expressly for use in the
Registration Statement by any such Holder, or (b) a Violation that would not
have occurred if such Holder had delivered to the purchaser the version of the
Prospectus most recently made available by Acquiror to the Holder as of the date
of such sale.
(ii) To the extent permitted by law, each selling Holder
will indemnify and hold harmless Acquiror, each of its directors, each of its
officers who has signed the Registration Statement, each person, if any, who
controls Acquiror within the meaning of the Securities Act, any underwriter, any
other Holder selling securities pursuant to the Registration Statement and any
controlling person of any such underwriter or other Holder, against any losses,
claims, damages, or liabilities (joint or several) to which any of the foregoing
persons may become subject, under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other
federal or state law, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities
(or actions in respect thereto) arise out of or are based upon any Violation
(which includes without limitation the failure of the Holder to comply with the
prospectus delivery requirements under the Securities Act, and the failure of
the Holder to deliver the most current prospectus made available by Acquiror
prior to such sale), in each case to the extent (and only to the extent) that
such Violation occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information furnished by such Holder expressly for use in the Registration
Statement or such Violation is caused by the Holder's failure to deliver to the
purchaser of the Holder's Registrable Shares the most current version of the
prospectus (or amendment or supplement thereto) that had been made available to
the Holder by Acquiror; and each such Holder will pay any legal or other
expenses reasonably incurred by any person intended to be indemnified pursuant
to this Section 6.6(e)(ii) in connection with investigating or defending any
such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action; provided, however, that the
indemnity agreement contained in this Section 6.6(e)(ii) shall not apply to
amounts paid in settlement of any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action
if such settlement is effected without the consent of the Holder. The aggregate
indemnification and contribution liability of each Holder under this Section
6.6(e)(ii) shall not exceed the net proceeds received by such Holder in
connection with sale of shares pursuant to the Registration Statement.
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(iii) Each person entitled to indemnification under this
Section 6.6(e) (for purposes of this Section 6.6(e), the "INDEMNIFIED PARTY")
shall give notice to the party required to provide indemnification (the
"INDEMNIFYING PARTY") promptly after such Indemnified Party has actual knowledge
of any claim as to which indemnity may be sought and shall permit the
Indemnifying Party to assume the defense of any such claim and any litigation
resulting therefrom, PROVIDED that counsel for the Indemnifying Party who
conducts the defense of such claim or any litigation resulting therefrom shall
be approved by the Indemnified Party (whose approval shall not unreasonably be
withheld), and the Indemnified Party may participate in such defense at such
party's expense, and PROVIDED FURTHER that the failure of any Indemnified Party
to give notice as provided herein shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party of
its obligations under this Section 6.6 unless the Indemnifying Party is
materially prejudiced thereby. No Indemnifying Party, in the defense of any
such claim or litigation, shall (except with the consent of each Indemnified
Party) consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that does
not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or
plaintiff to such Indemnified Party of a release from all liability in respect
to such claim or litigation. Each Indemnified Party shall furnish such
information regarding itself or the claim in question as an Indemnifying Party
may reasonably request in writing and as shall be reasonably required in
connection with the defense of such claim and litigation resulting therefrom.
(iv) To the extent that the indemnification provided for
in this Section 6.6(e) is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be
unavailable to an Indemnified Party with respect to any loss, liability, claim,
damage or expense referred to herein, then the Indemnifying Party, in lieu of
indemnifying such Indemnified Party hereunder, shall contribute to the amount
paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such loss, liability,
claim, damage or expense in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the
relative fault of the Indemnifying Party on the one hand and of the Indemnified
Party on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted
in such loss, liability, claim, damage or expense, as well as any other relevant
equitable considerations. The relative fault of the Indemnifying Party and of
the Indemnified Party shall be determined by reference to, among other things,
whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the
omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information
supplied by the Indemnifying Party or by the Indemnified Party and the parties'
relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or
prevent such statement or omission.
Section 6.7 PROCEDURES FOR SALE OF SHARES UNDER REGISTRATION STATEMENT.
(a) NOTICE AND APPROVAL. If any Holder shall propose to sell
any Registrable Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement, it shall notify
Acquiror of its intent to do so (including the proposed manner and timing of all
sales) at least two (2) full trading days prior to such sale, and the provision
of such notice to Acquiror shall conclusively be deemed to reestablish and
reconfirm an agreement by such Holder to comply with the registration provisions
set forth in this Agreement. Unless otherwise specified in such notice, such
notice shall be deemed to constitute a representation that any information
previously supplied by such Holder expressly for inclusion in the Registration
Statement (as the same may have been superseded by subsequent such information)
is accurate as of the date of such notice. At any
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time within such two (2) trading-day period, Acquiror may delay, consistent with
Acquiror's obligations under Section 6.6(c)(iii) to minimize any delay, the
resale by such Holder of any Registrable Shares pursuant to the Registration
Statement only if a sale pursuant to the Registration Statement in its then
current form without the addition of material, non-public information about
Acquiror could reasonably constitute a violation of the federal securities laws;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in order to exercise this right, Acquiror must deliver a
certificate in writing to the Holder to such effect. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, Acquiror will ensure that in any event the Holders shall have at
least twenty (20) trading days (prorated for partial quarters) available to sell
Registrable Shares during each calendar quarter (or portion thereof) during the
Registration Effective Period.
(b) DELIVERY OF PROSPECTUS. For any offer or sale of any of the
Registrable Shares by a Holder in a transaction that is not exempt under the
Securities Act, the Holder, in addition to complying with any other federal
securities laws, shall deliver a copy of the final prospectus (or amendment of
or supplement to such prospectus) of Acquiror covering the Registrable Shares in
the most recent form made available to the Holder by Acquiror to the purchaser
of any of the Registrable Shares on or before the settlement date for the
purchase of such Registrable Shares.
(c) COPIES OF PROSPECTUSES. Subject to the provisions of this
Section 6.7, when a Holder is entitled to sell and gives notice of its intent to
sell Registrable Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement, Acquiror shall,
within two (2) trading days following the request, make available to such Holder
a reasonable number of copies of a supplement to or an amendment of such
prospectus as may be necessary so that, as thereafter delivered to the
purchasers of such Registrable Shares, such prospectus shall not as of the date
of delivery to the Holder include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading or incomplete in the light of the
circumstances then existing.
(d) THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARIES. Each Former Target Shareholder
is an intended third-party beneficiary of the covenants of Acquiror contained in
Sections 6.6 and 6.7 and is entitled to enforce such covenants in a dispute with
Acquiror.
Section 6.8 CERTAIN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT MATTERS. From and after the
Effective Time, employees of Target at the Effective Time will be provided with
employee benefits by the Surviving Corporation or Acquiror which in the
aggregate are no less favorable to such employees than those provided from time
to time by Acquiror to similarly situated employees. If any employee of Target
becomes a participant in any employee benefit plan, program, policy or
arrangement of Acquiror, such employee shall be given credit for all service
prior to the Effective Time with Target to the extent permissible under such
plan, program, policy or arrangement as of the date of this Agreement. Acquiror
agrees to pay all rear-end load fees, surrender charges, termination fees or
expenses and all other similar costs, fees or expenses incurred by Target in
connection with the termination of Target's guaranteed investment contract
underlying Target's 401(k) Plan; provided, however, that if such fees, charges
and expenses exceed $15,000 in the aggregate, Acquiror may present a claim for
reimbursement to the Escrow
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Agent (as defined in Section 10.2 below) for any amounts that exceed $15,000.
Employees of Target as of the Effective Time shall be permitted to participate
in the Yahoo! Inc. 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") commencing on the
first enrollment date following the Effective Time, subject to compliance with
the eligibility and other provisions of such plan.
Section 6.9 DIRECTOR AND OFFICER LIABILITY. For six years after the
Effective Time, Acquiror will cause the Surviving Corporation to indemnify and
hold harmless the present and former officers, directors, employees and agents
of Target (for purposes of this Section 6.9, the "INDEMNIFIED PARTIES") in
respect of acts or omissions occurring on or prior to the Effective Time to the
extent provided under Target's Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws in effect on
the date hereof; PROVIDED, that such indemnification shall be subject to any
limitation imposed from time to time under applicable law.
ARTICLE VII
OTHER AGREEMENTS
Section 7.1 CONFIDENTIALITY. Each party acknowledges Acquiror and
Target have previously executed a Mutual Non-Disclosure Agreement dated October
12, 1998 (the "CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENT"), which agreement shall continue in
full force and effect in accordance with its terms.
Section 7.2 NO PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT. The parties shall make no public
announcement concerning this Agreement, their discussions or any other
memoranda, letters or agreements between the parties relating to the Merger;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that either of the parties, but only after reasonable
consultation with the other, may make disclosure if required under applicable
law; and PROVIDED FURTHER, HOWEVER, that following consummation of the Merger,
Acquiror may make a public announcement regarding the Merger and the integration
of Target's business into that of Acquiror.
Section 7.3 REGULATORY FILINGS; CONSENTS; REASONABLE EFFORTS. Subject
to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Target and Acquiror shall use
their respective reasonable good faith efforts to (i) make all necessary filings
with respect to the Merger and this Agreement under the Exchange Act and
applicable blue sky or similar securities laws and obtain required approvals and
clearances with respect thereto and supply all additional information requested
in connection therewith; (ii) make merger notification or other appropriate
filings with federal, state or local governmental bodies or applicable foreign
governmental agencies and obtain required approvals and clearances with respect
thereto and supply all additional information requested in connection therewith;
(iii) obtain all consents, waivers, approvals, authorizations and orders
required in connection with the authorization, execution and delivery of this
Agreement and the consummation of the Merger; and (iv) take, or cause to be
taken, all appropriate action, and do, or cause to be done, all things
necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement as promptly as practicable.
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Section 7.4 POOLING ACCOUNTING. Target and Acquiror shall each use its
reasonable good faith efforts to cause the business combination to be effected
by the Merger to be accounted for as a pooling of interests. Neither Target nor
Acquiror shall take any action that would adversely affect the ability of
Acquiror to account for the business combination to be effected by the Merger as
a pooling of interests.
Section 7.5 FURTHER ASSURANCES. Prior to and following the Closing,
each party agrees to cooperate fully with the other parties and to execute such
further instruments, documents and agreements and to give such further written
assurances, as may be reasonably requested by any other party to better evidence
and reflect the transactions described herein and contemplated hereby and to
carry into effect the intents and purposes of this Agreement.
Section 7.6 ESCROW AGREEMENT. On or before the Effective Time, Acquiror
shall, and the parties hereto shall exercise their reasonable good faith efforts
to cause the Escrow Agent (as defined in Section 10.2) and the Shareholders'
Agents (as defined in Section 10.9) to enter into an Escrow Agreement
substantially in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT E.
Section 7.7 FIRPTA. Target shall, prior to the Closing Date, provide
Acquiror with a properly executed Foreign Investment and Real Property Tax Act
of 1980 ("FIRPTA") FIRPTA Notification Letter which states that shares of
capital stock of Target do not constitute "United States real property
interests" under Section 897(c) of the Code, for purposes of satisfying
Acquiror's obligations under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1445-2(c)(3). In
addition, simultaneously with delivery of such FIRPTA Notification Letter,
Target shall provide to Acquiror, as agent for Target, a form of notice to the
Internal Revenue Service in accordance with the requirements of Treasury
Regulation Section 1.897-2(h)(2), along with written authorization for Acquiror
to deliver such notice form to the Internal Revenue Service on behalf of Target
upon the Closing of the Merger.
Section 7.8 BLUE SKY LAWS. Acquiror shall take such steps as may be
necessary to comply with the securities and blue sky laws of all jurisdictions
which are applicable to the issuance of the Acquiror Common Stock in connection
with the Merger. Target shall use its reasonable good faith efforts to assist
Acquiror as may be necessary to comply with the securities and blue sky laws of
all jurisdictions which are applicable in connection with the issuance of
Acquiror Common Stock in connection with the Merger.
Section 7.9 OTHER FILINGS. As promptly as practicable after the date of
this Agreement, Target and Acquiror will prepare and file any other filings
required under the Exchange Act, the Securities Act or any other Federal,
foreign or state securities or blue sky laws relating to the Merger and the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the "OTHER FILINGS"). The Other
Filings will comply in all material respects with all applicable requirements of
law and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Whenever any event
occurs which is required to be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the
Other Filings, Target or Acquiror, as the case may be, will promptly inform the
other of such occurrence and cooperate in making any appropriate amendment or
supplement, and/or mailing to shareholders of Target, such amendment or
supplement.
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ARTICLE VIII
CONDITIONS TO MERGER
Section 8.1 CONDITIONS TO EACH PARTY'S OBLIGATION TO EFFECT THE MERGER.
The respective obligations of each party to this Agreement to effect the Merger
shall be subject to the satisfaction prior to the Closing Date of the following
conditions:
(a) SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL. The shareholders of Target entitled
to vote on or consent to this Agreement and the Merger in accordance with
California Law and Target's Articles of Incorporation shall have approved this
Agreement and the Merger.
(b) APPROVALS. Other than the filing provided for by Section
1.2, all authorizations, consents, orders or approvals of, or declarations or
filings with, or expirations of waiting periods imposed by, any Governmental
Entity shall have been filed, occurred or been obtained.
(c) NO INJUNCTIONS OR RESTRAINTS; ILLEGALITY. No temporary
restraining order, preliminary or permanent injunction or other order issued by
any court of competent jurisdiction or other legal or regulatory restraint or
prohibition preventing the consummation of the Merger or limiting or restricting
the conduct or operation of the business of Target by Acquiror after the Merger
shall have been issued, nor shall any proceeding brought by a domestic
administrative agency or commission or other domestic Governmental Entity or
other third party, seeking any of the foregoing be pending; nor shall there be
any action taken, or any statute, rule, regulation or order enacted, entered,
enforced or deemed applicable to the Merger which makes the consummation of the
Merger illegal.
(d) NASDAQ. The shares of Acquiror Common Stock to be issued in
the Merger and pursuant to the exercise of assumed Target Options shall have
been approved for quotation on the Nasdaq National Market.
(e) TAX OPINIONS. Acquiror and Target shall each have received
written opinions dated the Closing Date from their respective tax counsel
(Venture Law Group, A Professional Corporation, and Wilson, Sonsini, Goodrich &
Rosati, respectively), in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to them, to
the effect that the Merger will be treated for Federal income tax purposes as a
tax-free reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. In
regarding such opinions, counsel shall be entitled to rely upon, among other
things, reasonable assumptions as well as representations of Acquiror, Sub and
Target.
Section 8.2 ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF ACQUIROR AND SUB.
The obligations of Acquiror and Sub to effect the Merger are subject to the
satisfaction of each of the following conditions, any of which may be waived in
writing exclusively by Acquiror and Sub:
(a) REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. The representations and
warranties of Target set forth in this Agreement shall be true and correct in
all material respects as of the date of this Agreement and (except to the extent
such representations and warranties speak as of an
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earlier date) as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of the Closing
Date, except for changes contemplated by this Agreement; and Acquiror shall have
received a certificate signed on behalf of Target by the chief executive officer
and the chief financial officer of Target to such effect.
(b) PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATIONS OF TARGET. Target shall have
performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by
it under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing Date; and Acquiror shall have
received a certificate signed on behalf of Target by the chief executive officer
and the chief financial officer of Target to such effect.
(c) DISSENTING SHAREHOLDERS. No holder of Target's issued and
outstanding capital stock as of the Closing shall have elected as of the Closing
to exercise appraisal rights under California Law as to such shares.
(d) ESCROW AGREEMENT. The Escrow Agent and Shareholders' Agents
shall have executed and delivered to Acquiror the Escrow Agreement and such
agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
(e) ANCILLARY AGREEMENTS. Each of the Shareholders Agreements
and Noncompetition Agreements executed and delivered concurrently with the
execution of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect; and each
Affiliate of Target that does not own stock of Target but holds options shall
have entered into an Affiliates Agreement in form reasonably acceptable to
Acquiror.
(f) OPINION OF TARGET'S COUNSEL. Acquiror shall have received
an opinion dated the Closing Date of Wilson, Sonsini, Goodrich & Rosati, counsel
to Target, as to the matters in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT F.
(g) APPROVALS. All authorizations, consents (including the
Material Consents), or approvals of, or notifications to any third party,
required by Target's contracts, agreements or other obligations in connection
with the consummation of the Merger shall have occurred or been obtained.
(h) ASSIGNMENT AND WAIVER BY ON COMMAND CORPORATION. On Command
Corporation ("ON COMMAND") shall have consented in writing to the assignment,
from Target to Acquiror, of the Development and Services Agreement between
Target and On Command dated as of November 1998, and On Command shall have
agreed in writing that the Merger and the assignment shall not trigger the
purchase option in Section 4.6 of such Development and Services Agreement.
(i) BOARD RESIGNATIONS. Target shall have received written
letters of resignation from the Target Board of Directors from each of the
current members of such Board, in each case effective at the Effective Time.
(j) NO MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE. Target shall not have suffered
any Material Adverse Change since the date of this Agreement.
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(k) POOLING LETTER. Acquiror shall have received a letter from
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP ("PWC") dated as of the Closing Date regarding that
firm's unqualified concurrence with Acquiror's management's and Target's
management's conclusion that the business combination to be effected by the
Merger will qualify as a pooling of interests transaction under generally
accepted accounting principles if consummated in accordance with this Agreement.
In addition, Target shall have provided to PWC or Acquiror such information as
was reasonably requested by PWC or Acquiror, as the case may be, to assist PWC
in the making of the letter.
(l) TERMINATION OF TARGET'S 401(k) PLAN. The Board of Directors
of Target shall have taken all such action necessary to terminate Target's
401(k) Plan effective as of a date prior to the Closing.
(m) WAIVER OF RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL BY MOTOROLA. Motorola,
Inc. ("MOTOROLA"), shall have waived in writing the right of first refusal
granted to Motorola pursuant to the Series B Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement
dated July 14, 1998, between Target and Motorola, and pursuant to the Co-Sale
and Right of First Refusal Agreement dated July 14, 1998, between Target,
Motorola, and certain shareholders of Target.
(n) INVESTMENT AGREEMENT. Each Target shareholder shall have
executed an Investment Agreement.
Section 8.3 ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF TARGET. The
obligation of Target to effect the Merger is subject to the satisfaction of each
of the following conditions, any of which may be waived, in writing, exclusively
by Target:
(a) REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. The representations and
warranties of Acquiror and Sub set forth in this Agreement shall be true and
correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement and (except to
the extent such representations speak as of an earlier date) as of the Closing
Date as though made on and as of the Closing Date, and Target shall have
received a certificate signed on behalf of Acquiror by the chief financial
officer of Acquiror to such effect.
(b) PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATIONS OF ACQUIROR AND SUB. Acquiror
and Sub shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required
to be performed by them under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing Date;
and Target shall have received a certificate signed on behalf of Acquiror by the
chief financial officer of Acquiror to such effect.
(c) OPINION OF ACQUIROR'S COUNSEL. Target shall have received
an opinion dated the Closing Date of Venture Law Group, A Professional
Corporation, counsel to Acquiror, as to the matters in the form attached hereto
as EXHIBIT G.
(d) NO MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE. Acquiror shall not have
suffered any Material Adverse Change since the date of this Agreement (PROVIDED
that changes in the trading prices for Acquiror Common Stock during such period
that were unrelated to the status or
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condition of the Acquiror shall not be taken into account in connection with the
determination as to the existence or absence of such a change with respect to
Acquiror).
ARTICLE IX
TERMINATION AND AMENDMENT
Section 9.1 TERMINATION. This Agreement may be terminated at any time
prior to the Effective Time:
(a) by mutual written consent of Acquiror and Target;
(b) by either Acquiror or Target, by giving written notice to
the other party, if a court of competent jurisdiction or other Governmental
Entity shall have issued a nonappealable final order, decree or ruling or taken
any other action, in each case having the effect of permanently restraining,
enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the Merger, except, if such party relying on
such order, decree or ruling or other action shall not have complied with its
respective obligations under Sections 5.5 or 6.3 of this Agreement, as the case
may be;
(c) by Acquiror or Target, by giving written notice to the other
party, if the other party is in material breach of any representation, warranty,
or covenant of such other party contained in this Agreement, which breach shall
not have been cured, if subject to cure, within 10 business days following
receipt by the breaching party of written notice of such breach by the other
party;
(d) by Acquiror, by giving written notice to Target, if the
Closing shall not have occurred on or before June 18, 1999 by reason of the
failure of any condition precedent under Section 8.1 or 8.2 (unless the failure
results primarily from a breach by Acquiror of any representation, warranty, or
covenant of Acquiror contained in this Agreement or Acquiror's failure to
fulfill a condition precedent to closing or other default);
(e) by Target, by giving written notice to Acquiror, if the
Closing shall not have occurred on or before June 18, 1999 by reason of the
failure of any condition precedent under Section 8.1 or 8.3 (unless the failure
results primarily from a breach by Target of any representation, warranty, or
covenant of Target contained in this Agreement or Target's failure to fulfill a
condition precedent to closing or other default); or
(f) by Acquiror, by giving written notice to Target, if the
required approvals of the shareholders of Target contemplated by this Agreement
shall not have been obtained by reason of the failure to obtain the required
consents or votes upon a vote taken by written consent or at a meeting of
shareholders, duly convened therefor or at any adjournment thereof.
Section 9.2 EFFECT OF TERMINATION. In the event of termination of this
Agreement as provided in Section 9.1, this Agreement shall immediately become
void and there shall be no liability or obligation on the part of Acquiror,
Target, Sub or their respective officers, directors, shareholders or Affiliates,
except as set forth in Section 9.3 and further except to the extent that
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such termination results from the willful breach by any such party of any of its
representations, warranties or covenants set forth in this Agreement.
Section 9.3 FEES AND EXPENSES. Except as set forth in this Section 9.3,
6.6(d) or 6.8, all fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement
and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party incurring
such expenses, whether or not the Merger is consummated. Target has submitted a
budget to Acquiror for completion of the Merger. Target shall use its best
efforts to consummate the Merger within such budget and shall not enter into any
agreement inconsistent with such budget.
ARTICLE X
ESCROW AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.1 INDEMNIFICATION. From and after the Effective Time and
subject to the limitations contained in Section 10.2, the Former Target
Shareholders will, severally and pro rata, in accordance with their Pro Rata
Portion, indemnify and hold Acquiror harmless against any loss, expense,
liability or other damage, including attorneys' fees, to the extent of the
amount of such loss, expense, liability or other damage (collectively "DAMAGES")
that Acquiror has incurred by reason of the breach by Target of any
representation, warranty, covenant or agreement of Target contained in this
Agreement that occurs or becomes known to Acquiror during the Escrow Period (as
defined in Section 10.4 below). Acquiror, Target and Sub acknowledge and agree,
and the Former Target Shareholders, by their approval of this Agreement, agree
that notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or any
other Transaction Document, such indemnification under this Article X shall be
the sole and exclusive remedy for any such claim of breach by Target, except for
Damages based upon a claim of fraud.
Section 10.2 ESCROW FUND. As security and the sole and exclusive
recourse for the indemnities in Section 10.1, as soon as practicable after the
Effective Time, the Escrow Shares shall be deposited with U.S. Bank Trust,
National Association (or such other institution selected by Acquiror with the
reasonable consent of Target) as escrow agent (the "ESCROW AGENT"), such deposit
to constitute the Escrow Fund (the "ESCROW FUND") and to be governed by the
terms set forth in this Article X and in the Escrow Agreement. Notwithstanding
the foregoing or anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or in any
Transaction Document, the indemnification obligations of the Former Target
Shareholders pursuant to this Article X or otherwise shall be limited to the
amount and assets deposited and present in the Escrow Fund and Acquiror shall
not be entitled to pursue any claims for indemnification under this Article X or
otherwise against the Former Target Shareholders directly or personally, and the
sole recourse of Acquiror shall be to make claims against the Escrow Fund in
accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement, except for Damages based upon
a claim of fraud, which claim, to the extent it exceeds the amount of the Escrow
Fund, may be pursued by Acquiror only against the party or parties that
committed such fraud.
Section 10.3 DAMAGE THRESHOLD. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Former
Target Shareholders shall have no liability under Section 10.1 and Acquiror may
not receive any shares
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from the Escrow Fund unless and until an Officer's Certificate or Certificates
(as defined in Section 10.5 below) for an aggregate amount of Acquiror's Damages
in excess of $50,000 has been delivered to the Shareholders' Agents and to the
Escrow Agent; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that after an Officer's Certificate or
Certificates for an aggregate of at least $50,000 in Damages has been delivered,
Acquiror shall, subject to Section 10.8, be entitled to receive Escrow Shares
equal in value to the full amount of Damages identified in such Officer's
Certificate or Certificates. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained
in this Section 10.3, any claim for reimbursement made pursuant to Section 6.8
shall not be subject to this Section 10.3.
Section 10.4 ESCROW PERIODS. The Escrow Fund shall terminate upon the
earlier of (i) the date of the completion of Acquiror's next audit and (ii) the
first anniversary date of the Closing Date (the period from the Closing Date to
such earlier date referred to as the "ESCROW PERIOD"), PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that
the number of Escrow Shares, which, in the reasonable judgment of Acquiror,
subject to the objection of the Shareholders' Agents and the subsequent
resolution of the matter in the manner provided in Section 10.8, are necessary
to satisfy any unsatisfied claims specified in any Officer's Certificate
theretofore delivered to the Escrow Agent and the Shareholders' Agents prior to
termination of the Escrow Period with respect to Damages incurred or litigation
pending prior to expiration of the Escrow Period, shall remain in the Escrow
Fund until such claims have been finally resolved.
Section 10.5 CLAIMS UPON ESCROW FUND. Upon receipt by the Escrow Agent
promptly after discovery and no later than on or before the last day of the
Escrow Period of a certificate signed by any appropriately authorized officer of
Acquiror (an "OFFICER'S CERTIFICATE"):
(i) Stating the aggregate amount of Acquiror's Damages or an
estimate thereof, in each case to the extent known or determinable at such time;
and
(ii) Specifying in reasonable detail the individual items of such
Damages included in the amount so stated, the date each such item was paid or
properly accrued or arose, and the nature of the misrepresentation, breach or
claim to which such item is related, the Escrow Agent shall, subject to the
provisions of Sections 10.3 and 10.8 hereof and of the Escrow Agreement, deliver
to Acquiror out of the Escrow Fund, as promptly as practicable, Escrow Shares
having a value equal to such Damages all in accordance with the Escrow Agreement
and Section 10.6 below. Amounts paid or distributed from the Escrow Fund shall
be paid or distributed pro rata among the Holders (as defined in the Escrow
Agreement) based upon their respective percentage interests therein at the time.
Section 10.6 VALUATION. For the purpose of compensating Acquiror for its
Damages pursuant to this Agreement, the value per share of the Escrow Shares
which shall be released to Acquiror in respect of a claim for Damages shall be
the average closing price of Acquiror Common Stock for the five consecutive
trading days preceding the date of this Agreement.
Section 10.7 OBJECTIONS TO CLAIMS. At the time of delivery of any
Officer's Certificate to the Escrow Agent, a duplicate copy of such Officer's
Certificate shall be delivered to the Shareholders' Agents (as defined in
Section 10.9 below) and for a period of thirty (30) days after
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such delivery, the Escrow Agent shall make no delivery of Escrow Shares pursuant
to Section 10.4 unless the Escrow Agent shall have received written
authorization from the Shareholders' Agents to make such delivery. After the
expiration of such thirty (30) day period, the Escrow Agent shall make delivery
of the Escrow Shares in the Escrow Fund in accordance with Section 10.4,
PROVIDED that no such delivery may be made if the Shareholders' Agents shall
object in a written statement to the claim made in the Officer's Certificate,
and such statement shall have been delivered to the Escrow Agent and to Acquiror
prior to the expiration of such thirty (30) day period.
Section 10.8 RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS.
(a) In case the Shareholders' Agents shall so object in writing
to any claim or claims by Acquiror made in any Officer's Certificate, Acquiror
shall have thirty (30) days to respond in a written statement to the objection
of the Shareholders' Agents. If after such thirty (30) day period there remains
a dispute as to any claims, the Shareholders' Agents and Acquiror shall attempt
in good faith for thirty (30) days to agree upon the rights of the respective
parties with respect to each of such claims. If the Shareholders' Agents and
Acquiror should so agree, a memorandum setting forth such agreement shall be
prepared and signed by both parties and shall be furnished to the Escrow Agent.
The Escrow Agent shall be entitled to rely on any such memorandum and shall
distribute the Escrow Shares from the Escrow Fund in accordance with the terms
of the memorandum.
(b) If no such agreement can be reached after good faith
negotiation, either Acquiror or the Shareholders' Agents may, by written notice
to the other, demand arbitration of the matter unless the amount of the damage
or loss is at issue in pending litigation with a third party, in which event
arbitration shall not be commenced until such amount is ascertained or both
parties agree to arbitration; and in either such event the matter shall be
settled by arbitration conducted by three arbitrators. Within fifteen (15) days
after such written notice is sent, Acquiror (on the one hand) and the
Shareholders' Agents (on the other hand) shall each select one arbitrator, and
the two arbitrators so selected shall select a third arbitrator. The decision
of the arbitrators as to the validity and amount of any claim in such Officer's
Certificate shall be binding and conclusive upon the parties to this Agreement,
and notwithstanding anything in Section 10.4, the Escrow Agent shall be entitled
to act in accordance with such decision and make or withhold payments out of the
Escrow Fund in accordance with such decision.
(c) Judgment upon any award rendered by the arbitrators may be
entered in any court having jurisdiction. Any such arbitration shall be held in
Santa Clara or San Mateo County, California under the commercial rules then in
effect of the American Arbitration Association. The non-prevailing party to an
arbitration shall pay its own expenses, the fees of each arbitrator, the
administrative fee of the American Arbitration Association, and the expenses,
including, without limitation, the reasonable attorneys' fees and costs,
incurred by the prevailing party to the arbitration.
Section 10.9 SHAREHOLDERS' AGENTS.
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(a) Mohan Vishwanath and Ronjon Nag shall be constituted and
appointed as agents (the "SHAREHOLDERS' AGENTS") for and on behalf of the Former
Target Shareholders to give and receive notices and communications, to authorize
delivery to Acquiror of the Escrow Shares or other property from the Escrow Fund
in satisfaction of claims by Acquiror, to object to such deliveries, to agree
to, negotiate, enter into settlements and compromises of, and demand arbitration
and comply with orders of courts and awards of arbitrators with respect to such
claims, and to take all actions necessary or appropriate in the judgment of the
Shareholders' Agents for the accomplishment of the foregoing. All actions of
the Shareholders' Agents shall be taken jointly, not individually. Such agency
may be changed by the holders of a majority in interest of the Escrow Shares
from time to time upon not less than ten (10) days' prior written notice to
Acquiror. No bond shall be required of the Shareholders' Agents, and the
Shareholders' Agents shall receive no compensation for services. Notices or
communications to or from the Shareholders' Agents shall constitute notice to or
from each of the Former Target Shareholders.
(b) The Shareholders' Agents shall not be liable for any act
done or omitted hereunder as Shareholders' Agent while acting in good faith, and
any act done or omitted pursuant to the advice of counsel shall be conclusive
evidence of such good faith. The Former Target Shareholders shall severally and
pro rata, in accordance with their Pro Rata Portion, indemnify the Shareholders'
Agents and hold them harmless against any loss, liability or expense incurred
without gross negligence or bad faith on the part of the Shareholders' Agents
and arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of
their duties hereunder under this Agreement or the Escrow Agreement.
(c) The Shareholders' Agents shall have reasonable access to
information about Target and Acquiror and the reasonable assistance of Target's
and Acquiror's officers and employees for purposes of performing their duties
and exercising their rights under this Article X; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the
Shareholders' Agents shall treat confidentially and not disclose any nonpublic
information from or about Target or Acquiror to anyone (except on a need to know
basis to individuals who agree to treat such information confidentially or as
necessary in the arbitration of disputes).
Section 10.10 ACTIONS OF THE SHAREHOLDERS' AGENTS. A decision, act,
consent or instruction of the Shareholders' Agents shall constitute a decision
of all of the Former Target Shareholders for whom shares of Acquiror Common
Stock otherwise issuable to them are deposited in the Escrow Fund and shall be
final, binding and conclusive upon each such Former Target Shareholder, and the
Escrow Agent and Acquiror may rely upon any decision, act, consent or
instruction of the Shareholders' Agents as being the decision, act, consent or
instruction of each and every such Former Target Shareholder. The Escrow Agent
and Acquiror are hereby relieved from any liability to any person for any acts
done by them in accordance with such decision, act, consent or instruction of
the Shareholders' Agents.
Section 10.11 CLAIMS. In the event Acquiror becomes aware of a
third-party claim which Acquiror believes may result in a demand against the
Escrow Fund, Acquiror shall promptly notify the Shareholders' Agents of such
claim, and the Shareholders' Agents and the Former
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Target Shareholders for whom shares of Acquiror Common Stock otherwise issuable
to them are deposited in the Escrow Fund shall be entitled, at their expense, to
participate in any defense of such claim. Acquiror shall have the right in its
sole discretion to settle any such claim; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that Acquiror may
not effect the settlement of any such claim without the consent of the
Shareholders' Agents, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. In the
event that the Shareholders' Agents have consented to any such settlement, the
Shareholders' Agents shall have no power or authority to object to the amount of
any claim by Acquiror against the Escrow Fund for indemnity with respect to such
settlement in the amount agreed to.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.1 SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS AND COVENANTS. All
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of Target contained in
this Agreement shall survive the Closing and any investigation at any time made
by or on behalf of Acquiror until the end of the Escrow Period. If Escrow
Shares or other assets are retained in the Escrow Fund beyond expiration of the
period specified in the Escrow Agreement, then (notwithstanding the expiration
of such time period) the representation, warranty, covenant or agreement
applicable to such claim shall survive until, but only for purposes of, the
resolution of the claim to which such retained Escrow Shares or other assets
relate. All representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of Acquiror
contained in this Agreement shall terminate as of the Effective Time, PROVIDED
that the covenants and agreements contained in Sections 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9
and 9.3 shall survive the Closing and shall continue in full force and effect.
Section 11.2 NOTICES. All notices and other communications hereunder
shall be in writing and shall be deemed given if delivered personally,
telecopied (which is confirmed) or two business days after being mailed by
registered or certified mail (return receipt requested) to the parties at the
following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified
by like notice):
(a) if to Acquiror or Sub:
Yahoo! Inc.
3420 Central Expressway
Santa Clara, CA 95051
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
Fax No: (408) 731-3510
Telephone No: (408) 731-3300
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with a copy at the same address to the attention of the General Counsel and
Secretary and with a copy to:
Venture Law Group
A Professional Corporation
2775 Sand Hill Road
Menlo Park, California 94025
Attention: Joshua L. Green
Fax No: (650) 233-8386
Telephone No: (650) 854-4488
(b) if to Target, to:
Online Anywhere
3145 Porter Dr.
Bldg. A #202
Palo Alto, CA 94304
Attention: President
Fax No: (650) 493-4123
Telephone No: (650) 493-4053
with a copy to:
Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati
650 Page Mill Road
Palo Alto, CA 94304
Attention: Herbert P. Fockler
Fax No: (650) 493-6811
Telephone No: (650) 493-9300
Section 11.3 INTERPRETATION. When a reference is made in this Agreement
to Sections, such reference shall be to a Section of this Agreement unless
otherwise indicated. The table of contents and headings contained in this
Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the
meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words "INCLUDE,"
"INCLUDES" or "INCLUDING" are used in this Agreement they shall be deemed to be
followed by the words "WITHOUT LIMITATION." Whenever the words "TO THE
KNOWLEDGE OF TARGET" or "KNOWN TO TARGET" or similar phrases are used in this
Agreement, they mean to the actual knowledge, after reasonable inquiry, of Mohan
Vishwanath, Sridhar Ranganathan, and Anurag Mendhekar.
Section 11.4 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in two or more
counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and
shall become effective when two or more counterparts have been signed by each of
the parties and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all
parties need not sign the same counterpart.
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Section 11.5 ENTIRE AGREEMENT; NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. This
Agreement (including the documents and the instruments referred to herein), the
Confidentiality Agreement, and the Transaction Documents (a) constitute the
entire agreement and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both
written and oral, among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof,
and (b) are not intended to confer upon any person other than the parties hereto
(including without limitation any Target employees) any rights or remedies
hereunder.
Section 11.6 GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California without regard
to any applicable conflicts of law.
Section 11.7 ASSIGNMENT. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights,
interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any of the parties
hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written
consent of the other parties. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement
will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties
and their respective successors and assigns.
Section 11.8 AMENDMENT. This Agreement may be amended by the parties
hereto, at any time before or after approval of matters presented in connection
with the Merger by the shareholders of Target, but after any such shareholder
approval, no amendment shall be made which by law requires the further approval
of shareholders without obtaining such further approval. This Agreement may not
be amended except by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the
parties hereto.
Section 11.9 EXTENSION; WAIVER. At any time prior to the Effective Time,
the parties hereto may, to the extent legally allowed, (i) extend the time for
the performance of any of the obligations or the other acts of the other parties
hereto, (ii) waive any inaccuracies in the representations or warranties
contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto and (iii) waive
compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained herein. Any
agreement on the part of a party hereto to any such extension or waiver shall be
valid only if set forth in a written instrument signed on behalf of such party.
Section 11.10 SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE. The parties hereto agree that
irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this
Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were
otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled
to injunctive relief to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce
specifically the terms and provisions hereof in any court of the United States
or any state having jurisdiction, this being in addition to any other remedy to
which they are entitled at law or in equity.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Acquiror, Sub and Target have caused this Agreement and Plan
of Merger to be signed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized as
of the date first written above.
YAHOO! INC.
By: /s/ Timothy Koogle
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Title: CEO
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AIRBORNE ACQUISITION CORPORATION
By: /s/ Timothy Koogle
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Title: CEO
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ONLINE ANYWHERE
By: /s/ Mohan Vishwanath
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Title: CEO
---------------------------------